The Politics of Collective Identities

Question 1

In many long-established democracies, the importance of identities based on class membership has declined, although economically-based sources of collective identity do remain significant in influencing citizens’ party affiliation and preferences about economic policy True or False

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Identity-based conflicts probably disappeared with the rise of the nation-state and modernity. True or False

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Politics in democratic regimes involves a tug of war among groups over relative power and influence, both symbolic and substantive. True or False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Race relations in the United States powerfully illustrates that issues about collective identities are never fully settled. True or False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

According to Alfred Stepan, there are many states in the entire world that are relatively homogeneous nation-states. True or False

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Religion is the one area where the collective identity of a group tends to minimize conflicts. True or False

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Today, what Third World countries have in common is extreme poverty and brutal dictatorship. True or False

Answer 7

False

Question 8

In spite of the fact that Britain and the U.S. at times will violate the rights of the poor, and racial or ethnic minorities, sometimes in shocking ways, they are still considered consolidated democracies. True or False

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Transitional democracies are to be found on every continent and include Brazil, Mexico, Nigeria, and South Africa. True or False

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Kesselma, et. al., consider India a transitional democracy because of the repeated scenes of horrific communal violence, in which large numbers of Muslim, Sikh, and Christian minorities have been brutally massacred. True or False

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Although Freedom House has now classified Russia as “not free,” Kesselman, et. al., still consider the country as a transitional democracy in spite of Putin. True or False

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Solidarities based on the shared experience of work or, more broadly, economic position refers to: a) religious affiliation, b) ethnic cohesion, c) social class, d) nationalism

Answer 12

c) social class

Question 13

We now know that the formation of group attachments and the interplay of politically relevant collective identities are: a) more willing to peaceably and pragmatically pursue their interests, b) far more complex and uncertain, c) uniquely interspersed with other more reliable institutions, d) strictly tied to the formation of the state

Answer 13

b) far more complex and uncertain

Question 14

The following country was carved out by colonial powers putting ethnic groups together with little regard to preexisting collective identities: a) Japan, b) Turkey, c) Nigeria, d) Russia

Answer 14

c) Nigeria

Question 15

One of the primary reasons for the attacks of 9/11 by Al Qaeda against the U.S. was: a) the first war with Iraq, b) the support for a Lebanese outside military force headed by the Syrians, c) the daily propaganda by Al Jazeera and other Arab media that whipped up anti-American hostility, d) the stationing of Western military forces in what is regarded as sacred territory,

Answer 15

d) the stationing of Western military forces in what is regarded as sacred territory

Question 16

The process of who gets what or how resources are distributed refers to: a) egalitarian politics, b) welfare state, c) distributional politics, d) affirmative action

Answer 16

c) distributional politics

Question 17

A method of classifying by using criteria that divide a group of cases into smaller cases with common characteristics: a) Hypothesis, b) Typology, c) Nomenclature, d) Model

Answer 17

b) Typology

Question 18

The following refers to countries with a relatively low level of economic development, particularly as measured by gross national income or gross domestic product per capita: a) Third World, b) Regional Constructs, c) The West, d) Colonialism

Answer 18

a) Third World

Question 19

Democratic political systems that have been solidly and stably established for an ample period of time and in which there is relatively consistent adherence to the core democratic principles: a) Operatic Liberty, b) Systemic Confederation, c) Democratic Centralism, d) Consolidated Democracy

Answer 19

d) Consolidated Democracy

Question 20

Countries that have moved from an authoritarian government to a democratic one: a) Transitional Democracy, b) Orthodox Democracy, c) Structural Democracy, d) Developing Democracy

Answer 20

a) Transitional Democracy

Question 21

A system of rule in which power depends not on popular legitimacy but on the coercive force of the political authorities: a) Unitary, b) Federalism, c) Authoritarian, d) Theocracy

Answer 21

c) Authoritarian

Question 22

French authors drew an analogy from the history of the French Revolution of the 1780s when the impoverished common people were referred to as members of: a) the First Estate, b) the Second Estate, c) the Third Estate, d) the Fourth Estate

Answer 22

c) the Third Estate

Question 23

. From the 1960s through the late 1980s, many political scientists classified capitalist industrialized countries that were not only wealthy, but also stable and democratic as: a) the First World, b) the Second World, c) Mature Countries, d) Developed Societies.

Answer 23

a) the First World

Question 24

The following are still relatively poor compared to the advanced nations, but are among the world’s most dynamic economies and have made substantial progress in poverty alleviation: a) Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, b) Algeria, Haiti, Turkey, c) Bangladesh, Haiti, Rwanda, d) Brazil, China, India

Answer 24

d) Brazil, China, India

Question 25

According to Kesselman, et.al., when identifying a consolidated democracy, how much time must have past to precisely the country as such? a) a few years, b) exactly one decade, c) exactly two decades, d) it is open to question.

Answer 25

d) it is open to question.

Question 26

A system whereby religious leaders claim power: a) totalitarianism, b) Autocracy, c) Theocracy, d) Monarchy.

Answer 26

c) Theocracy