The Plant Leaf Flashcards
refers to an organ of a vascular plant, and the food making factories of green plants and come in many different shapes and sizes
Leaf
What are the three structures of a leaf
- leaf blade
- petiole
- stipules
refers to the flattened part of a leaf
leaf blade
refers to the leaf stalk
petiole
refers to the leaf-like appendages at the base of the leaf
stipule
What are the type of leaves based on leaf blade?
Simple and compound leaf
made of a single leaf blade connected by a petiole to the stem
simple leaf
blade is undivided, but may be toothed or lobed.
simple leaf
a leaf made up of separate leaflets attached by a petiole to the stem like a palm leaf.
compound leaf
two types of compound leaves
palmately and pinnately
leaflets radiate from the end of a stem like a palm in this type of compound leaf
Palmately
leaflets are arranged on either side of a central main stem in this type of compound leaf
pinnately
The arrangement of veins in a leaf is called venation pattern. Veins bring nutrients and water to leaf cells.
Venation
Types of venation
Parallel, pinnate, and palmate
veins run parallel to the midrib from the base and meet at the tip
parallel-veined leaves
-ladderlike
- there is a main vein called midrib, from which the other nerves derive, remembering a plume
Pinnate leaves
-the nerves derive from main point such as the fingers do in the palm of the hand.
-several primary veins originate from a central point and extend to the margins
palmate leaves
Types of compound leaves
- pinnately compound leaf
- ## palmately compound leaf
Different type of leaf margins
- entire
- serrate
- crenate
- dentate
margin is smooth around entire leaf edge
entire
“teeth” point outward toward the apex of the leaf, looks like the teeth of a saw.
serrate
margin has scalloped or rounded teeth.
crenate
margin has square or rectangular teeth that point outwards
dentate
lobes are similar to big teeth that extend more than about ¼ of the way to the midvein
lobed
Leaf arrangement on stem is also known as
Phyllotaxy
Types of leaf arrangement
- alternate
- opposite
- whorled
leaves alternate along the stem, so only a single leaf is attached at each node.
alternate phyllotaxy
leaves in pair along the stem, so that two leaves are attached at each node.
opposite
This process takes place at the leaf
photosynthesis
What is the chemical formula for photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + (sunlight) = C6H12O6 + 6 O2
eaves are offset by 90 degrees at adjacent node
decussate
Functions of the leaf
1.Produce oxygen for animals for respiration
2.Remove carbon dioxide from the air
3.Produce food for the plant
4.Create shade
5.Create hiding places for wildlife
6.A source of food (for animals and people)
7.Reduce soil erosion by intercepting rain as it falls
8.Lower the air temperature as a by-product of transpiration
Major Tissue Systems present in a leaf
Epidermis and Mesophyll
covers the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf
epidermis
inside the leaf that is rich in chloroplasts
mesophyll
