The Personalisation

Question 1

What is a public personality? (Marshall 2010)

Answer 1

A cluster of individuals who are given greater presence and wider scope of activity than of those who make up the rest of the population… And who are allowed to move on the public stage whilst the rest of us watch. (marshall 2010)

Question 2

What do they do?

Answer 2

Used to sell products

Used in Politics

Question 3

Turner 2013

Answer 3

Says that a contemporary celebrity will:

• usually have emerged from sport or entertainment industry
• highly visible through the media
• fame does not necessarily depend on the position or achievements that gave their status
• may claim no special achievement other than the attraction of public attention

Kim K, Miley Cyrus, Liam Payne and Cheryl Cole

Question 4

Dyer 2004

Answer 4

Stars are ideologically constructed.
The social meaning of stars are generated through the combination of:
- the repeated representation of their performance
- the relationship between the types of individuality the star represents and society as a whole (along as they are consistent they will succeed)

Question 5

Celebrity and Abstract Desire

Answer 5

The ‘desirable celebrity’ is a key marketing tool
desire for commodities must be ‘abstract’
abstract desire is not possible to reach

Rojek 2001 -
Inanimate and Animate object
Beyonce and Perfume - Beyonce makes the inanimate object seem desirable as it makes the consumer believe if they use it they will become the animate object (Beyonce)

Question 6

Celebrity Advertising (Pringle 2004)

Answer 6

• We are entertaining the ‘era of consent’
• An association with a desirable celebrity is likely to be a powerful way to achieve an ‘access to all areas pass’

EG. Keira Knightly and Chanel Perfume

Question 7

Street 2004 - Celebrity Politics

Answer 7

A celebrity who speaks about politics and claims the right to represent people and causes but does so without seeking or acquiring elected office.

Key Features:

1) They use there status to speak out on specific causes and for particular interests with a view to influencing political outcomes
2) The celebrity Politician is taken seriously in the respect of their political views.

Question 8

Celebrity Activist - Cashmore 2006

Answer 8

• celebrities influence political outcomes
• before the 1970s they were political but consumers were not interested; growth in digital age

Common structures of Celebrity Activism:
- PATRONS, lend their name to organisation (The Eva Longoria Foundation)

• SPOKESPEOPLE, identified with an organisation and speaks on its behalf. Attract visibility
• FUNDRAISER, works with organisation for individual events
• GOVERNANCE, involved in the running of the organisation (The Eva Longoria Foundation)

Question 9

What is a single issue campaigner?

Answer 9

A celebrity activist.
- A celerity who promotes a cause EG. Emma Watson and HeforShe

-Katie Hopkins is a negative activist - uses power for wrong reasons. Identified with negative values, bigger impact than just a normal person because they are known and people who like this certain celebrity can influenced by their views. - Manchester Bombing, Katie Hopkins racist statement links to Orientalism and Sterotyping