THE PERIODIC TABLE AND THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE

Question 1

what did Dalton discover?

Answer 1

That the atom is a solid indivisible sphere

Question 2

What did Bohr discover?

Answer 2

That electrons orbit the nucleus on the outer shells

Question 3

What is the relative atomic mass of carbon?

Answer 3

12

Question 4

Where is the neutron located?

Answer 4

In the nucleus

Question 5

Where are the electrons located?

Answer 5

In the shells

Question 6

Where are the protons located?

Answer 6

In the nucleus

Question 7

What is an isotope?

Answer 7

The same no. of protons but different number of neutrons/different relative atomic mass

Question 8

How many electrons does the 1st, 2nd and 3rd shell fit.

Answer 8

1st-2
2nd-8
3rd-8

Question 9

How do atoms become stable?

Answer 9

If they gain or lose electrons in chemical reactions.

Question 10

Why is every element outside group 0 reactive?

Answer 10

They are unstable atoms

Question 11

what is an ion?

Answer 11

Any particle that is charged but has a nucleus

Question 12

Do metals or non-metals form positive ions?

Answer 12

Metals

Question 13

Do metals or non-metals form negative ions?

Answer 13

Non-metals

Question 14

Who is credited with the creation of the first periodic table?

Answer 14

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 15

What does the periodic table organize elements by?

Answer 15

Atomic number

Question 16

True or False: The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic mass.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level of an atom?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The periodic table is divided into _____ and nonmetals.

Answer 18

metals

Question 19

What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period in the periodic table?

Answer 19

It decreases from left to right.

Question 20

Which group of elements is known as the alkali metals?

Answer 20

Group 1

Question 21

What is the electron configuration for a neutral carbon atom?

Answer 21

1s² 2s² 2p²

Question 22

True or False: Noble gases have a full valence shell of electrons.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is the primary characteristic of metals in the periodic table?

Answer 23

They are good conductors of heat and electricity.

Question 24

Which element is represented by the symbol ‘Fe’?

Answer 24

Iron

Question 25

What are the two main types of bonds that can form between atoms?

Answer 25

Ionic and covalent bonds

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The _____ of an atom is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus.

Answer 26

atomic number

Question 27

What is the electronic structure of a sodium atom (Na)?

Answer 27

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

Question 28

What do you call the vertical columns in the periodic table?

Answer 28

Groups or families

Question 29

Which block of the periodic table contains the transition metals?

Answer 29

d-block

Question 30

True or False: Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What is the primary factor that determines an atom's chemical properties?

Answer 31

The arrangement of electrons

Question 32

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

Answer 32

Ionization energy

Question 33

Which element is a liquid at room temperature?

Answer 33

Bromine (Br)

Question 34

What is the term for elements in the same row of the periodic table?

Answer 34

Periods

Question 35

What is the primary characteristic of nonmetals?

Answer 35

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: The _____ of an atom can be determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons.

Answer 36

mass number

Question 37

What is the common oxidation state of alkali metals?

Answer 37

+1

Question 38

What is the electron configuration of a chlorine atom (Cl)?

Answer 38

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵

Question 39

Which periodic trend describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond?

Answer 39

Electronegativity

Question 40

True or False: All elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.

Answer 40

True