The Periodic Table Flashcards
What are group 1 elements called?
Alkali metals
What are group 7 elements called?
The Halogens
What are group 0 elements called?
Noble gases
Group 1 are more reactive down/up the group
Down
Group 7 are more reactive down/up the group
Up
Why are group 0 not reactive?
Already have full outershells
Are metals on the Left or right side of the periodic table?
Left
Why are group 7 more reactive up the group?
What do they want?
It’s easier to do this because…?
Group 7 want to gain and electron (reduction)
Up the group shells and nucleus are closer together = stronger force of attraction = so easier to pull electron in
Why are group 1 more reactive down the group?
What do they want?
How is it easier to do this…?
Group 1 want to lose an electron (oxidisation)
Down the group the more shells so the attraction gets weaker
What do elements in the same group have in common?
2
Similar chemical properties
Same number of electrons in outer shell
What do elements in the same period have in common?
Same number of shells
How do you classify a element as metal or non-metal?
Do they conduct electricity as a solid?
What happens when lithium (group 1) reacts with water?
Lump of lithium moves slowly around the surface
Fizzing until disappears
Water becomes alkali -> universal indicator = purple
What happens when sodium (group 1) is reacted with water?
Sodium fizzes rapidly
Quickly moves around the surface
May ignite
Water becomes alkali -> universal indicator = purple
What happens when potassium (group 1) is reacted with water?
Reacts vigorously
Burns with a lilac flame
Sometimes explodes
Water -> alkali = universal indicator -> purple
What is the colour and physical state of chlorine at rm temp?
Green
Gas
What is the colour and physical state of bromine at rm temp?
Red/brown
Liquid
What is the colour and physical state of iodine at rm temp?
Dark grey
Solid
Up/Down group 7 the colour of the elements gets darker
Down (atomic number increases - darker colour)
The boiling point increases/decreases down the group?
Increases (opposite to reactivity)
What is the formula of hydrogen chloride?
HCl
What physical state is hydrogen chloride at rm temp?
Gas
What happens to hydrogen chloride when its reacted with water?
Name of process
What it creates
Hydrogen chloride dissociates in water
Dissociation = hydrogen chloride dissolves in water splitting up into H+ ions and Cl- ions
This solution of H+ ions and Cl- ions is called hydrochloride acid
What makes a solution acidic?
H+ ions
Does hydrogen chloride react with methylbenzene?
No
Hydrogen chloride is __________ in water because it __________ forming _____ ions.
Acidic
Dissociates
H+
Hydrogen chloride does/doesn’t dissociate with methylbenzene meaning it is/isn’t acidic because there are/are no H+ ions
Doesn’t
Isn’t
Are no
What is an experiment to demonstrate a more reactive HALOGEN will displace a less reactive one from a solution of one of its salts?
Add halogen solution to salt solution and wait for colour change
(Eg : chlorine water + potassium bromide solution = orange solution formed (Br2))
Chlorine water(Cl2) + potassium bromide solution(KBr) = ? + ?
Potassium chloride + orange solution (Br2)
Bromine displaced by chlorine
Chlorine more reactive
Bromine water(Br2) + potassium iodide solution (KI) = ? + ?
Potassium bromide + brown solution (I2)
Iodine displaced by bromine
Bromine more reactive
What is a redox reaction?
When oxidation And reduction Both happen
Halogen displacement involves oxidation / reduction / both
Meaning it is a ______________ reaction
Both
Redox
