The Periodic Table

Question 1

The Periodic Table of Elements

Answer 1

• First version published by Dmitri Mendeleev
  
  • initially organized by atomic weight
• organizes the elements according to their atomic numbers and reveals a pattern of similar chemical and physical properties among elements (revised by Henry Moseley)

Question 2

Periodic Law

Answer 2

• The chemical and physical properties of the elements are dependent, in a periodic way, upon their atomic numbers

Question 3

periods

Answer 3

• rows of elements in the periodic table
• based on the Principle Energy Level, n
  
  • 7 periods (n=1 through n=7) for s and p blocks

Question 4

groups

Answer 4

• also called families
• columns of elements in the periodic table
• elements in the same group have the same valence shell electron configuration and share similar chemical properties

Question 5

Valence Electrons

Answer 5

• furthes from the nucleus
• electrons in the valence shell
• greatest amount of potential energy
• able to easily be involved in chemical bonds with the valence electrons of other atoms
• largely determine the chemical reactivity and properties of the element
• The Roman numeral above each group represents the number of valence electrons elements in that group have in their neutral state

Question 6

A elements

Answer 6

• Also known as Representative elements
• include groups IA - VIIIA
  
  • The Roman numeral and letter determine the electron configuration
  • ie: Group VA has 5 valence electrons with configuration s²p³
• have their valence electrons in the orbitals of either s or p subshells

Question 7

B elements

Answer 7

• also known as Nonrepresentative elements
• include transition elements
  
  • have valence electrons in s and d subshells
• lanthanide and actinide series
  
  • have valence electrons in the s and f subshells