the periodic table ༊*·˚

Question 1

what is an atom ?

Answer 1

an atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist.

Question 2

what charge do protons, neutrons and electrons have ?

Answer 2

protons have a relative charge of +1, electrons have a relative charge of -1 and neutrons have no electrical charge.

Question 3

why do atoms have no overall electrical charge ?

Answer 3

in an atom, the atomic number indicates the number of protons and also the number of electrons.

Question 4

why do atoms have no overall electrical charge ?

Answer 4

atoms have no overall electrical charge because there is the same number of electrons as protons.

Question 5

the total sum of which two particles in an atom is its mass number ?

Answer 5

the total sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom is its mass number (larger number)

Question 6

how are elements ordered in the modern periodic table?

Answer 6

elements are ordered by their atomic number

Question 7

what are the vertical columns in the periodic table called ? Elements are grouped by the same number of what subatomic particle of their outermost shell ?

Answer 7

groups, electrons.

Question 8

what is the name of the horizontal rows in the periodic table ?

Answer 8

periods.

Question 9

what type of substance are most elements ?

Answer 9

metals.

Question 10

where are metals and non-metals located on the periodic table ?

Answer 10

metals on the left and non-metals on the right.

Question 11

how were elements ordered in the old periodic table ? what was the challenge of this ?

Answer 11

elements were ordered by their atomic mass in the old periodic table. isotopes were an issue using this order as there would be multiple elements with the same mass.

Question 12

newland ordered elements where every 8th element reacted similarly - what was this named ?

Answer 12

newland’s octave

Question 13

mendeleev ordered elements in increasing mass. He switched the order, why ? He left gaps, why ?

Answer 13

he switched the order so that they fitted patterns of properties. he left gaps for undiscovered elements.

Question 14

knowledge of what allowed scientists to determine the order based on atomic weight was not correct ?

Answer 14

isotopes.

Question 15

identify some properties of metals.

Answer 15

metals are good conductors of thermal energy and electricity. they are also ductile and malleable.

Question 16

elements that react to form positive ions are metals - how do they form a positive ion ?

Answer 16

elements that react to form positive ions are metals - they lose electrons.

Question 17

elements that react to form negative ions are non-metals - how do they form a negative ion

Answer 17

elements that react to form negative ions are non-metals - they gain electrons.

Question 18

what are group 1 elements called ?

Answer 18

alkali metals

Question 19

group 1 metals are highly reactive with water and produce what two products ?

Answer 19

metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

Question 20

group 1 metals react with oxygen to produce what solid compound ? what is their colour ?

Answer 20

white metal oxides.

Question 21

describe the reaction between a group 1 metal with green chlorine gas.

Answer 21

group 1 metals react with green chlorine gas to produce a white metal chloride salt

Question 22

how can you observe that Li, Na and K have a low density ?

Answer 22

float in water

Question 23

in group 1, the reactivity of the elements increases going down the group, explain this trend.