The Periodic Table Flashcards
Give three differences between Mendeleevs periodic table and the moderne periodic table:
Mendeleevs was arranged by atomic weight and the moderne one is arranged by atomic number
Mendeleevs had gaps whereas the moderne one has no gaps
Mendeleevs had no noble gases
Mendeleevs had no transition metals
Why were there gaps in Mendeleevs periodic table?
For undiscovered elements
Give three examples of gaseous elements:
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Chlorine
All the noble gases
Name the two liquid elements:
Bromine and mercury
What does sonorous mean?
Makes a ringing sound when struck
What are group one elements known as?
The alkali metals
Why are group 1 metals stored under oil?
They are highly reactive
What are the general observations for when lithium, sodium and potassium react with water?
Metal Floats in water
Metal moves around the surface
Fizzes
Heat released
Colourless solution formed
Metal disappears
Sodium and potassium melt into a silvery ball
What is the appearance of group one metals when freshly cut?
Shiny
Why do alkali metals have similar properties?
When they react the atoms each lose one electron to form a positive ion which is stable as it has a full outer shell of electrons
What does sublimation mean?
The element changes from a solid to a gas
What colour is fluorine at room temperature?
Yellow
What colour is iodine at room temperature?
Grey/black
What is chlorines physical state at room temperature?
Gas
How is chlorine gas tested for?
Using damp universal indicator
What is the colour change of the universal indicator paper when chlorine is present?
Paper changes to red and the bleaches white
Why does the reactivity of the halogens decrease down the group?
The incoming electron is coming into a shell further from the nucleus so the attractive power of the nucleus is less
What type of reaction do Halides undergo?
Displacement
What are the group 0 elements called?
The noble gases
Why are noble gases unreactive?
Their atoms have a full outer shell of electrons and are stable
Do transition metals have high or low melting and boiling points?
High
What type of compounds do transition metals make?
Coloured compounds which are exemplified by cooper compounds
