The Periodic Table

Question 1

Give three differences between Mendeleevs periodic table and the moderne periodic table:

Answer 1

Mendeleevs was arranged by atomic weight and the moderne one is arranged by atomic number
Mendeleevs had gaps whereas the moderne one has no gaps
Mendeleevs had no noble gases
Mendeleevs had no transition metals

Question 2

Why were there gaps in Mendeleevs periodic table?

Answer 2

For undiscovered elements

Question 3

Give three examples of gaseous elements:

Answer 3

Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Chlorine
All the noble gases

Question 4

Name the two liquid elements:

Answer 4

Bromine and mercury

Question 5

What does sonorous mean?

Answer 5

Makes a ringing sound when struck

Question 6

What are group one elements known as?

Answer 6

The alkali metals

Question 7

Why are group 1 metals stored under oil?

Answer 7

They are highly reactive

Question 8

What are the general observations for when lithium, sodium and potassium react with water?

Answer 8

Metal Floats in water
Metal moves around the surface
Fizzes
Heat released
Colourless solution formed
Metal disappears
Sodium and potassium melt into a silvery ball

Question 9

What is the appearance of group one metals when freshly cut?

Answer 9

Shiny

Question 10

Why do alkali metals have similar properties?

Answer 10

When they react the atoms each lose one electron to form a positive ion which is stable as it has a full outer shell of electrons

Question 11

What does sublimation mean?

Answer 11

The element changes from a solid to a gas

Question 12

What colour is fluorine at room temperature?

Answer 12

Yellow

Question 13

What colour is iodine at room temperature?

Answer 13

Grey/black

Question 14

What is chlorines physical state at room temperature?

Answer 14

Gas

Question 15

How is chlorine gas tested for?

Answer 15

Using damp universal indicator

Question 16

What is the colour change of the universal indicator paper when chlorine is present?

Answer 16

Paper changes to red and the bleaches white

Question 17

Why does the reactivity of the halogens decrease down the group?

Answer 17

The incoming electron is coming into a shell further from the nucleus so the attractive power of the nucleus is less

Question 18

What type of reaction do Halides undergo?

Answer 18

Displacement

Question 19

What are the group 0 elements called?

Answer 19

The noble gases

Question 20

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 20

Their atoms have a full outer shell of electrons and are stable

Question 21

Do transition metals have high or low melting and boiling points?

Answer 21

High

Question 22

What type of compounds do transition metals make?

Answer 22

Coloured compounds which are exemplified by cooper compounds