The Periodic Table Flashcards
How are elements arranged in the periodic table
By their unique standards Atomic Number
What is a vertical column in the periodic table called?
A group
What is a horizontal row in the periodic table called
a period
What is on the left side of the periodic table
Metals are on the left side
What is on the right side of the periodic table
Non-metals
Where is hydrogen on the periodic table?
The left side but it is a non-metal gas
What are the properties of metals?
They are solid and shiny at room temperature. They conduct heat.
What is the name of the Liquid Metal
Mercury
Do metals conduct heat?
Yes
What do you call a substance which allows electricity to pass through it?
Conductor
What do you call a substance which does not allow electricity to pass through it?
Insulator
What conducts electricity?
Metals
How is the periodic table organised?
Groups and periods
What do elements in the same group all have?
Similar chemical properties
What are the 3 important groups in the periodic table
Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
Group 7 - The Halogens
Group 8 - The Noble Gases
What are alkali metals
Very reactive with oxygen and water.
They are stored under oil to prevent them from reacting with air
They are all solid
Why are alkali metals stored in oil
The prevent them reacting with air
What are halogens?
Halogens are all non metal elements
They are very reactive
Iodine is a solid, bromine is a liquid and all the rest are gases
Halogens have good antibacterial properties
Which Halogen is a solid?
Iodine
Which halogen is a liquid
Bromine
What are noble gases
They are all unreactive non-metal gases
When electricity passes through them they are bright colours
What happens to noble gases when electricity passes through them
They create a bright colour
What are compounds
2 or more elements which are chemically bonded together
If a compound end in “ide” how many elements does it have
It has 2 elements
Why do scientists sometimes draw their chemicals
Because they have long names
Word equation have 2 sides
The left side shows the reactants
The right shows the products
When writing a word equation what separates both sides
An arrow (pointing right)
What is an example of a word equation
Carbon + oxygen -> Carbon dioxide
Elements and Symbols
What do all elements have in the periodic have?
A specific letter (linked to the their name) and an atomic number
What is a pure substance
A substance which one type of susbstance in it.
For example pure water only has H2O molecules. Sea water has salt, sand and other substance in it.
What is a mixture
A substance which has 2 or more substances mixed together but they are not chemically joined
Who would you separate substances (2 methods)
Distillation
Filtration
Describe how you would separate substances using filtration
Put filter paper in the funnel
Put the funnel in a beaker
Pour in the solution
The solid and liquid will separate
When would you use filtration
When separating a solid from a liquid
Describe distillation
Put solution into a beaker
Boil it to the correct temperature
The 2 liquid will separate
When would you use distillation
To separate 2 liquids
What do you call a substance which dissolves in liquid
Soluble
What do you call a substance which does not dissolve in a liquid
Insoluble
What is Chromatography?
A technique used to separate liquids from a mixture or liquids
E.g find all the colours of dye in a coloured pen
What would you use to break up compounds
Electricity
What is electrolysis
When electricity is used to break up compounds
