THE PERIODIC TABLE

Question 1

Is a one- or two-letter designation of an element. The first letter of a symbol is always capitalized. If the symbol contains two letters, the second letter is lower case.

Answer 1

Chemical Symbol

Question 2

____ used the first one or two letters of the name of the element and created the elements _____…

Answer 2

J.J. Berzelius (C, H, O, N, S, I, Al, Br, Ca, Co, Si, Ti)

Question 3

Derived from the name of the discoverer (Lr, Es, Fm, Md)

Answer 3

Lawrencium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Mendelevium

Question 4

Derived from the name of gods (Th, V)

Answer 4

Thorium, Vanadium

Question 5

Derived from place of founder (Fr, Am, Cf, Eu, Ga, Ge, Po)

Answer 5

o Francium (Fr)
o Americium (Am)
o Californium (Cf)
o Europium (Eu)
o Gallium (Ga)
o Germanium (Ge)
o Polonium (Po)

Question 6

Derived from Latin words

Answer 6

o Antimony Stibium Sb
o Copper Cuprum Cu
o Gold Aurum Au
o Iron Ferrum Fe
o Lead Plumbum Pb
o Mercury Hydrargyrum Hg
o Potassium Kalium K
o Silver Argentum Ag
o Sodium Natrium Na
o Tin Stannum Sn

Question 7

 table of the chemical elements arranged to show patterns of recurring chemical and physical properties
 one way of arranging known elements and provides a possible way of determining elements yet to be discovered

Answer 7

Periodic table

Question 8

arranged the elements by ‘triad’ according to order of physical properties

Answer 8

Johannes Dobereiner

Question 9

arranged the elements by ‘law of octaves’ according to order of increasing atomic weights

Answer 9

John Newlands

Question 10

arranged the elements according to periodic trends
 Melting points, boiling points, and chemical activities

Answer 10

Lothar Meyer

Question 11

arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass

Answer 11

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 12

arranged the elements in order of atomic number giving rise to the ‘modern periodic table’

Answer 12

Henry Moseley

Question 13

In the modern periodic table, how many horizontal rows does the period have?

Answer 13

7

Question 14

How many vertical columns does group or family have?

Answer 14

18

Question 15

What are the 4 groups or 4 families?

Answer 15

Representative Elements (Group 1A to O)
Transition Elements (Group B)
Lanthanides
Actinides

Question 16

The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic number

Answer 16

Periodic Law

Question 17

What are the 2 uses of the periodic table?

Answer 17

1. Used by scientists and students to find the structured sequence in terms of physical and chemical properties which identify an element
2. Used by people to predict the properties of any particular element with a reasonable degree of confidence.

Question 18

Distance of the electron cloud from the nucleus (Family – increases; Period - decreases)

Answer 18

Atomic radius

Question 19

Energy required to remove an electron from an atom. (Family – decreases; Period – increases)

Answer 19

Ionization energy

Question 20

• Nuclear charge – the larger the nuclear charge, the greater is the ionization energy
• Shielding effect – the greater the shielding effect, the less is the ionization energy
• Atomic size – the bigger the atom, the lesser is its ionization energy
• Sub-energy level – an electron from a full or half full sublevel requires additional energy to be removed

Answer 20

MEMORIZE

Question 21

Energy required to attract an additional electron
* Metals – low electron affinity
* Non-metals – high electron affinity

Answer 21

Electron Affinity (Family – decreases; Period – increases)

Question 22

Ability of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons in a chemical bond (Family – decreases; Period – increases)

Answer 22

Electronegativity

Question 23

Distance between the nuclei of two like atoms after gaining or losing electrons

Answer 23

Ionic Radius (Family – increases; Period - decreases)

Question 24

Tendency of an element to lose electrons forming positive ion (Family – increases; Period – decreases)

Answer 24

Metallicity

Question 25

Tendency of an element to gain electrons forming negative ion (Family – increases; Period - increases)

Answer 25

Non-metallicity

Question 26

Rules for naming binary compound containing a metal and a non-metal.

Answer 26

Using the old/traditional system and the stock system

Question 27

Ion Stock System Old System
Fe2+ Iron (II) Ferrous
Fe3+ Iron (III) Ferric
Cu+ Copper (I) Cuprous
Cu2+ Copper (II) Cupric
Sn2+ Tin (II) Stannous
Sn4+ Tin (IV) Stannic
Pb2+ Lead (II) Plumbous
Pb4+ Lead (IV) Plumbic
Hg+ Mercury (!) Mercurous
Hg2+ Mercury (II) Mercuric
Au+ Gold (I) Aurous
Au2+ Gold (III) Auric

Question 28

Binary compounds containing two non-metals

Answer 28

Use greek prefixes

Question 29

• Non-oxygen acids
• Use the prefix hydro followed by the anion and the word acid added at the end

Answer 29

Binary Acids

Question 30

• Compounds containing more than two elements
• Give first the name of the cation followed by the anion
  o K2SO4 – potassium sulfate
  o NH4NO3 – ammonium nitrate

Answer 30

Ternary compounds

Question 31

• Oxyacids
  -ite (ous ending)
  -ate (ic ending)
  o HNO2 – nitrous acid (hydrogen + nitrite)
  o HNO3 – nitric acid (hydrogen + nitrate)
  o HClO2 – chlorous acid (hydrogen + chlorite)
  o HClO3 – chloric acid (hydrogen + chlorate)

Answer 31

Ternary Acids