The paper 2 deck OMG

Question 1

What does the wavelength and intensity of infrared radiation depend on

Answer 1

The temperature of the object a hotter object will create a shorter wavelength and have a higher intensity.

Question 2

What does a perfect black body do to radiation

Answer 2

It absorbs all of it no radiation is reflected and no radiation is transmitted (passed through)
This means that a perfect black body is also the best possible emitter of radiation

Question 3

What does an object that absorbs radiation well also do

Answer 3

It will also emit radiation well

Question 4

What will it object to if it is warmer than its surroundings

Answer 4

It will emit more radiation that it absorbs, decreasing its temperature. The Reverse is also true

Question 5

what does it Mean if an object is at a constant temperature

Answer 5

It means the object is absorbing radiation at the same rate as it is emitting radiation

Question 6

Cloud cover can affect how much energy is radius from the Earth explain why

Answer 6

The clouds can reflect infrared light back to the Earth and then prevent it from being radiated into space

Question 7

What is specular reflection

Answer 7

When all the light rays reflect in the same direction on a smooth surface producing an image

Question 8

What is diffuse reflection

Answer 8

When light rays but have scattered after reflecting off of a rough surface which does not produce an image

Question 9

What are all the colours in the spectrum of visible light

Answer 9

Red orange yellow green blue Indigo Violet

Question 10

How do coloured filters work

Answer 10

They walk by absorbing specific wavelength and transmitting other wavelengths

Question 11

Why can a direct current not work in transformers

Answer 11

They produce a constant magnetic field and therefore it does not work in transformers

Question 11

What colour will the green object appear if any coloured filter is used on light and at least one colour goes through

Answer 11

It will appear black unless the colour is shining through a green filter.

Question 12

What do transformers only work with

Answer 12

Transformers only worked with alternating-current this because we need a changing magnetic field to induce a potential difference

Question 13

Is the potential difference in the primary coil the same as in the secondary coil if the secondary coil has the same number of turns

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

What happened to the potential difference in a primary coil if the secondary coil has double its turns

Answer 14

The potential difference is doubled- therefore this is a step up transformer

Question 15

What are the four magnetic metals

Answer 15

Iron steel cobalt and nickel

Question 16

How do you plot the magnetic field of a bar magnet using a compass

Answer 16

You place the south end of the compass next to the north end of the bar magnet and place An x onto where the North Pole is pointing to then repeat this with the South Pole on this point and plot across where the North Pole arrow is pointing now and connect all the points with a line.

Question 16

What is a solenoid

Answer 16

A solenoid consists of a wire coiled up into a spiral shape.

Question 17

What is an electromagnet

Answer 17

An electromagnet is a solenoid wrapped around an iron core

Question 18

How do we turn high voltage appliances on and off

Answer 18

We use a relay

Question 19

What is a relay

Answer 19

A relay is a low voltage circuit using an electromagnet that is turned on and off using switch controlling a high voltage circuit using Magnetism to attract an iron block which puts two contacts on top of each other and allows current to flow through the high voltage circuit

Question 20

What is the motor effect

Answer 20

A wire carrying a current creates a magnetic field. This can interact with another magnetic field, causing a force that pushes the wire at right angles. This is called the motor effect

Question 21

What does a split ring commutator do to a circuit

Answer 21

It rotates it

Question 22

What happens if we move a wire up through a magnetic field.- this is the generator effect

Answer 22

Is there a potential difference is induced across the ends of the wire same goes for current.
The induced potential difference in current are larger if we use a stronger magnetic field we move the wire more rapidly and if we shape the wire into a coil the more turns on the coil the greater the induced pot diff and current

Question 23

How does a moving coil loudspeaker work

Answer 23

First we have a cone which has a coil of wire wrapped around one end which is connected to an AC electrical supply. We also have a permanent magnet which goes through the coil of wire. As the current passes through the coil it generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field from the coil now interacts with the magnetic field from the permanent magnet. These magnetic fields either attract or repel each other. This produces a resultant force which causes the cone to move.
When the current switches direction the direction of the force of the cone reverses. This causes the cone to move in and out generating sound waves. By changing the frequency of the AC supply we can change the frequency that the cone vibrates. A high frequency produces a high-pitched sound and the reverse is also true. If we increase the size of the current then we increase the amplitude of the vibration. This increases the volume of the sound.

Question 24

What happens to the current the direction of movement changes

Answer 24

The direction of the current changes, this also occurs if we switch the polls of a magnet going into the solenoid

Question 25

What is an alternator

Answer 25

A coil of wire rotating and a magnetic field

Question 26

When is the maximum potential difference of an alternator

Answer 26

When it is horizontally inside the magnetic field

Question 27

How do moving coil microphones work

Answer 27

In a moving-coil microphone:
pressure variations in sound waves cause the flexible diaphragm to vibrate
the vibrations of the diaphragm cause vibrations in the coil
the coil moves relative to a permanent magnet, so a
potential difference
is induced in the coil
the coil is part of a complete circuit, so the induced potential difference causes a current to flow around the circuit
the changing size and direction of the induced current matches the vibrations of the coil
the electrical signals generated match the pressure variations in the sound waves
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z8c7pbk/revision/4

Question 28

What is a galaxy

Answer 28

A large group of stars and a nice chocolate bar

Question 29

How are stars formed

Answer 29

All stars begin life in the same way. A cloud of dust and gas, also known as a
nebula
, becomes a protostar, which goes on to become a
main sequence
star. Following this, stars develop in different ways depending on their size.
Stars that are a similar size to the Sun follow the path:
red giant star
white dwarf
black dwarf
Stars that are far greater in mass than the Sun follow the path:
red super giant star
supernova
neutron star, or a black hole (depending on size)