The Origins Of The Cold War

Question 0

How did the USSR go against the yalta conference

Answer 0

All countries freed by USSR did not have free elections, they stayed in charge

Question 1

What happened at yalta

Answer 1

Decided all countries freed from fascism rule should decide their own government in free elections

Question 2

What were the countries turned communist in 1944-1949

Answer 2

Albania
Bulgaria 
Czechoslovakia
Easy Germany 
Hungary 
Poland
Romania 
Yugoslavia

Question 3

Albania-type of government and action taken

Answer 3

Communists took control in 1944

There was little opposition

Question 4

Bulgaria- type of government and action taken

Answer 4

Communist coalition in 1944

Communists executed leaders of other parties

Question 5

Czechoslovakia-type of government and action taken

Answer 5

Coalition government freely elected in 1946, communists gained power in 1948 before elections
The USSR purged civil service, Jan Masaryk was murdered and security police moved in

Question 6

East Germany-type of government and action taken

Answer 6

Ruled directly by USSR until 1949 when it became the communist German Democratic Party
Industrial machinery, resources, scientists and technicians moved to USSR

Question 7

Hungary-type of government and action taken

Answer 7

1945 communists got 17% of vote. 1948 communists had power

Opposition was stamped out

Question 8

Poland-type of government and action taken

Answer 8

Coalition set up dominated by unpopular communists who ruled alone from 1947
USSR refused to have free elections

Question 9

Romania-type of government and action taken

Answer 9

Communist peoples republic 1947

King forced to abdicate

Question 10

Yugoslavia-type of government and action taken

Answer 10

Tito elected in 1945, a communist not controlled by USSR

expelled from cominform by USSR in 1948 because of accepting Marshall aid

Question 11

What was the Truman doctrine

Answer 11

When Truman said “I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed initiates of by outside pressures. The free peoples of the world look to is for support in maintaining those freedoms. If we falter I our leadership, we may endanger the peace of the world”

Question 12

What was the outcome of the Truman doctrine

Answer 12

Congress gave Truman $400 million to support Greece and Turkey against the communist threat. The threat was stopped in Greece in 1949 and Turkey held the communists off. The Truman doctrine started a new age for American foreign policy, it meant that they were going to stand up to communism

Question 13

What was the Marshall plan

Answer 13

It was the other half of the Truman doctrine

Question 14

What did the Marshall plan mean

Answer 14

Economies of the west were devastated by WW2, Truman sent George Marshall over to see first hand. He said that Europe would need about $17billion to recover. Congress almost refused then Jan Masaryk was murdered by communists in Czechoslovakia. The money was given.

Question 15

What happened at the Berlin blockade

Answer 15

Soviets wanted Germany to be kept weak, but Truman wanted a strong Germany again communism so gave Germany Marshall aid. In 1948 the three western zones merged and preparations for an independent state of west Germany were made. In 1948 new west Germany currency was made. Stalin argued that it was against Potsdam. As Berlin was inside soviet zone, on the 23 June 1948 all routes into Berlin from the west were blocked, so no foo could enter and the west would be forced to withdraw

Question 16

How did the west react to the Berlin blockade

Answer 16

They flew in supplies from the west. 4,000 tonnes were needed per day. At first only 600 tonnes a day, but when by 1949 8,000 tonnes were being flown in.

Question 17

How did Stalin try to stop the planes coming into Berlin

Answer 17

He tries to persuade west Berliners to join East Berlin by cutting off the electricity and bribing them, however only 2% did. Stalin thought about attacking the planes but it would be a declaration of war and he was afraid of the USA’s nucleus bombs. On 12 May 1949 Stalin gave up and lifted the blockade

Question 18

What was Khruschev’s peaceful co-existence

Answer 18

As east and west had hydrogen bombs when Stalin died in 1953. It seemed sensible for the new soviet leader and the west to negotiate. Khruschev was willing to be friendly with the west, even though he didn’t like there ideas and way of life. He called it peaceful co-existence. A conference in Geneva was held in 1955, America, China, Britain, France and the USSR attended. Not much was decided but it was a turning point