the origins of psychology

Question 1

in the 17th century Descartes suggested that the mind and body represented dualism and that the two

Answer 1

interact in different ways to produce different behaviours and thoughts

Question 2

Descartes was the basis for the

Answer 2

nature/nurtre debate

Question 3

psychology

Answer 3

the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes and how these are affected by internal and external factors

Question 4

science

Answer 4

the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence

Question 5

features of science

Answer 5

paradigm
theory construction
hypothesis testing
deduction
falsification
replciabilty
objectivity
empircicism

Question 6

1879 Wundt set up the first lab where he adopted the use of

Answer 6

introspection

Question 7

introspection is defined as

Answer 7

a means of learning about ones own currently ongoing mental states or processes.
introspective knowledge is often held to be more immediate or direct than sensory knowledge

Question 8

introspection features 3 conditions

Answer 8

the mentality condition , general beliefs about mental state
the first person condition , generate beliefs about indviduals own mind
temporal proximity condition , generate and describes individuals current mental life

Question 9

Wundt isolated conscious thoughts into basic structures of thoughts processes and images in a process called

Answer 9

structuralism

Question 10

Wundts method of date recording was highly scientific using

Answer 10

the same stimulus each time
allowing for replication , standardisation , producing reliable data

Question 11

skinner disagreed with the subjective nature of introspection in which the findings differed greatly from individual making it

Answer 11

hard to establish general laws and unifying the principles of behaviour and cognition

Question 12

therefore in the 1930’s skinners idea of radical behaviourism was tested using

Answer 12

the lab experiment method of research

Question 13

using lab exp allowed for the objective measurement of observable behaviour , providing reliable data through

Answer 13

controlling and eliminating the effects if ev/cv by using highly controlled conditions

Question 14

skinner thus marked psychology as…
and introduced …

Answer 14

a scientific discipline
behaviourism

Question 15

with the invention of the computer in the 1960s cognitive psychology flourished as psychologists had a metaphor for the functions and workings of the mind , this was the

Answer 15

cognitive approach

Question 16

bandura also agreed with behaviourist principles but argued that these principles are better applied to a social context , this was the

Answer 16

social learning theory

Question 17

with advances in technology particularly with brain scanning techniques in the 1970s , this allowed for psychologist to objectively observe and measure the biological basis of behaviour , this was the

Answer 17

biological approach