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Anatomy Eye > The orbit > Flashcards

The orbit Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones that the orbit is made of? 7 bones

A
  • frontal
  • sphenoid: small and large wings
  • lacrimal
  • ethmoid
  • maxilla
  • zygomatic
  • palatine
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2
Q

What are the 4 walls of the orbit?

A

Superior or roof of the orbit
inferior orbit or floor
Internal
External

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3
Q

The roof wall?

A
  • Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
  • Frontal bone
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4
Q

What are the anatomical features in the roof wall?

A
  • Lacrimal gland fossa
  • trochlear fovae
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5
Q

How thick is the roof?

A

1 mm

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6
Q

The outer wall?

A
  • The frontal
  • the zygomatic
  • the graeter wing
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7
Q

which wall is the thickest and strongest?

A

the outer wall

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8
Q

Anatomical features near the outer wall?

A
  • Whitnall’s tubercle: attachment to the external palpebral ligament
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9
Q

The floor?

A
  • the orbital process of the palatine bone
  • the zygoma
  • the pyramidal process of the maxilla
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10
Q

How thick is the floor?

A

0.5 mm

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11
Q

which floor is the fragile one?

A

The floor

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12
Q

The inner wall?

A
  • the lacrimal bone
  • frontal
  • lateral surface of the sphenoid bone
  • Ethmoid
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13
Q

What is the special feature of the lacrimal bone

A
  • The posterior lacrimal crest:
    anterior part: lacrimal sac
    posterior part
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14
Q

What is the structure that is attached to the anterior lacrimal crest?

A
  • the internal palpebral ligament
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15
Q

What are the part of orbital rim? - base

A
  • The upper
  • The lower
  • the outer
  • The inner
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16
Q

The upper orbital rim?

A
  • Frontal
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17
Q

The outer orbital rim?

A
  • Frontal
  • zygomatic
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18
Q

The lower OR?

A
  • The zygoma
  • The maxilla
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19
Q

The inner orbital rim?

A
  • Frontal
  • maxilla
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20
Q

The orbital apex formed by?

A

the rectangular orbital surface of the sphenoid body
corresponds to the internal end of the superior orbital fissure

21
Q

Where the optic canal is located?

A
  • the small wing
22
Q

The optic canal gives away to?

A
  • the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
23
Q

Where the ZINN tendon is inserted?

A
  • the suboptic tubercle: Between the optic hole and the wide part of the superior fissure
24
Q

Where The superior orbital fissure is located?

A
  • Between the Greater and lesser wing
25
Q

What is the relation between ZINN ring and SOF

A

SOF is divided by the common tendinous ring

26
Q

What passes by the SOF

A
  • Inside the ZINN ring:
    • nasal nerve
    • occulumotor nerve
    • Abducens nerve
  • Outside the ZINN:
    • trochlear nerve
    • Frontal nerve
    • Lacrimal nerve
27
Q

What is the role of Inferior orbital fissure?

A
  • connects the orbit with the pterygo-palatine fossa.
28
Q

What is the role of Anterior and posterior ethmoidal holes?

A

Ethmoidal arteries and nerves ( Anterior and posterior)

29
Q

The vascularization of the Orbit

A
  • Ophtalmic artery +++: ICA
  • Infra-Orbital artery: ECA
30
Q

The venous return of the orbit?

A

Ophtalmic veins

31
Q

What are the three segments of Ophthalmic artery?

A
  • Intracranial
  • Intracanalicular
  • Intraorbital
32
Q

The origin of ophthalmic artery?

A
  • Anteromedial part of the internal carotid artery.
  • Above the anterior clinoid process
33
Q

The relation between the ophthalmic artery and the ophthalmic nerve?

A
  • Intracranial: the artery connects with the underside of the optic nerve (separated by the dura mater).
  • Intraductal: the artery travels below the optic nerve
  • Intraorbital:
    • Lateral optic : The artery at the lower part of the nerve
    • Optic part: the artery crosses the optic nerve
    • Medio-Optic: the artery is medial to the nerve.
34
Q

What is the length of Intracranial segment?

A

3-15 mm

35
Q

Where the orbital artery terminates?

A

the superior-internal angle of the orbit

36
Q

What are the two groupes of Collateral branches of ophthalmic artery?

A
  • Optic arteries
  • Destinated to the appendages
37
Q

What are the optic arteries?

A
  • Central retinal arteries
  • Short and long ciliary arteries
  • Optic nerve arteries
38
Q

What are the branches Destinated to the appendages?

A
  • Supraorbital arteries
  • Ethmoidal
  • Lacrimal
  • palpebral
  • muscular
39
Q

What are the two groups of the otic nerve arteries?

A
  • From intracanal segment
  • From Intraorbital segment
40
Q

What is supplied by the Supraorbital artery?

A
  • the levator muscles of the upper eyelid
41
Q

What are the two groupes of the ethmoidal arteries

A

Psterior and Anterior

42
Q

What are the two groupe of Palpebral arteries- For Eyelides

A

Inferior and superior < palpebral arches.

43
Q

Termial branches of The OA?

A
  • Angular artery: Anastomosis in the nose
  • Frontal arteries
43
Q

What about the External carotid system?

A
  • Infraorbital artery
  • Meningeolacrimal artery: middle menengeal artery
44
Q

What is the area suppliest by the infraorbital artery?

A

around the upper orifice of the nasolacrimal duct

45
Q

The venous vascularization of the Orbit

A
  • The superior ophthalmic vein
  • Middle ;;
  • Inferior
46
Q

What the 2 roots of the superior OV?

A
  • Superior: frontal veins
  • Inferior: angular veins
47
Q

from where The middle OV comes?

A
  • muscular artery: medial , lateral, Inferior recti
48
Q

From where The Inferior OV comes?

A
  • muscular arteries: superior oblique, lateral and inferior recti

Anatomy Eye (5 decks)

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