The Oral Cavity- Normal Features and Introduction to Mucosal Pathology Flashcards
What should the management of a patient with mucosal pathology consider
- Aims of care
- Range of options
- Risk vs benefit
- Temporal factors
- Concordance
List some normal features that are often mistaken for pathology
- Ectopic sebaceous glands (Fordyce spots)
- Circumvallate papillae
- Filiform papillae
- Fungiform papillae
- Lingual tonsils
Give examples of terms we can use to describe abnormal findings
- Sessile
- Pedunculated
- Atrophy
- Erythema
- Vesicle
- Desquamative
- Homogeneous
- heterogeneous
- Crenulated
Define pedunculate
A lesion on a stalk
Define sessile
A lesion which has abase broader than its projection vertical from the tissue
What is an Epulis
A gingival swelling
Define atrophy
Thinning of an epithelium. mucosa leading to reddened appearance due to a reduced thickness of superficial tissue
Define erythema
Reddening due to increased vascularity
What is leukoplakia
A diagnosis of exclusion- a white patch for which there is no identifiable etiological reason found
What is a vesicle
Tiny blisters usually less than 5mm in diameter that contain liquid
What is a bulla
A large blister over 1cm in diameter containing clear, serous or hemorrhagic fluid
What is an ulcer
A full thickness loss of epithelium extending into the underlying connective tissue
When an ulcer heals what does it leave behind
A scar
What is erosion
Superficial or partial destruction of skin or mucosa that does not scar on healing
What is a cyst
A thin walled closed caps or sac like structure, filled with fluid, solid or semi solid material
It has an epithelial lining
Define Desquamative
Shedding of the outermost cell layers of the epithelium to leave a raw appearance
What is a macule
A flat spot with an altered colouration less than 1cm in diameter
What is a papule
An elevated solid lesion less than 1cm in diameter
What do we mean by plaque when talking about lesions
A circumscribed palatable lesion more than 1cm in diameter.
may be thickened or elevated from the surface of the skin or mucosa.
What is a nodule
An elevated solid palpable lesion more than 1cm in diamtre
What is a Purpura
Red, purple or brown non blanch able spots caused by bleeding into the skin or mucosa
Define Eechymosis
A bruise (bleeding under the skin or mucosa)
Define Homogeneous
A lesion with a uniform appearance throughout
Define heterogeneous
A lesion which has a mixed or diverse appearance
Define Striae
A striped or bond like appearance
Define Hyperkeratotic
Thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin or the outermost layer of the mucosal epithelium.
What does keratin do in the mouth
keratin absorbs moisture and takes on a bright white appearance.
Define hyper plastic
Enlargement of a tissue by an increase in cell numbers.
Define hyperplasia
Enlargement of a tissue by an increase in cell numbers.
Define hypertrophic
Enlargement of a tissue by an increase in the size of each cell
define crenelated
Having an irregular wave like pattern
Define fissured
Splits, cracks or grooves most commonly seen on the tongue to lips
Define Depapillated
Loss of the papillae to leave a smooth flat appearance to the dorsal tongue
Define Excoriated
A scratched appearance meaning loss of epidermis and some of the dermis from the action of the finger nails or other implement used to scratch.
Define Leukodema
A bluish-white opalescence of the buccal mucosa that becomes normal colour on stretching the tissue
