The Only EKG Book You'll Ever Need (Chapter 2) Flashcards
3 ways an EKG can change in a hypertrophied or enlarged heart
- increase in DURATION of waves
- increase in AMPLITUDE of waves
- mean electrical vector (or electrical AXIS) may shift
3 ways an EKG can change in a hypertrophied or enlarged heart
- increase in DURATION of waves
- increase in AMPLITUDE of waves
- mean electrical vector (or electrical AXIS) may shift
if the QRS complex is POSITIVE in leads I and avF, the QRS axis must be ____
NORMAL
if the QRS complex in either lead I or lead avF is NOT predominantly POSITIVE, the QRS axis ____
does NOT lie between 0 and 90 degrees, and is NOT normal
normal axis =
POSITIVE leads I and avF
left axis deviation =
positive lead I, negative lead avF
right axis deviation =
negative lead I, positive lead avF
extreme right axis deviation =
NEGATIVE leads I and avF
normal P wave duration
normal P wave deflection, whether positive or negative, should not exceed
2.5mm
the first and second parts of the P wave represent, respectively
right atrial depolarization and left atrial depolarization
virtually all of the info needed to assess atrial enlargement can be found in which leads?
leads II and V1
if the QRS complex is POSITIVE in leads I and avF, the QRS axis must be ____
NORMAL
if the QRS complex in either lead I or lead avF is NOT predominantly POSITIVE, the QRS axis ____
does NOT lie between 0 and 90 degrees, and is NOT normal
normal axis =
POSITIVE leads I and avF
left axis deviation =
positive lead I, negative lead avF
right axis deviation =
negative lead I, positive lead avF
extreme right axis deviation =
NEGATIVE leads I and avF
normal P wave duration
less than 120ms
normal P wave deflection, whether positive or negative, should not exceed
2.5mm
the first and second parts of the P wave represent, respectively
right atrial depolarization and left atrial depolarization
virtually all of the info needed to assess atrial enlargement can be found in which leads?
leads II and V1
how do you diagnose right atrial enlargement?
P waves w/ amplitude greater than 2.5mm in inferior leads (II, III, and avF)
what is P pulmonale?
right atrial enlargement in leads II and V1, often d/t severe lung disease
how do you diagnose left atrial enlargement?
terminal portion (left atrial) of P wave should drop at least 1mm below isoelectric line in lead V1
