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Egyptology - Early Dynastic Period > The Old Kingdom > Flashcards

The Old Kingdom Flashcards

1
Q

When did the Old Kingdom start and end ?

A

2686 BC to 2181 BC

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2
Q

Which dynasties were formed during the

Old Kingdom ?

A

The Third to the Sixth Dynasties

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3
Q

What is the Old Kingdom otherwise known as ?

A

The ‘Age of the Pyramid Builders’ or

‘Age of the Pyramids’

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4
Q

Who designated the era ‘Old Kingdom’ and when ?

A

Historians in the 17th century

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5
Q

Who was the first ruler to commission the building of Egypt’s first pyramid ?

A

Pharaoh Djoser

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6
Q

What is the name given to Djoser’s first pyramid ?

A

The Step Pyramid

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7
Q

Where can the Step Pyramid be found ?

A

Saqqara

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8
Q

What is the name of the highest official or vizier to serve Pharaoh Djoser ?

A

Imhotep

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9
Q

What was Imhotep also known as ?

A

The ‘Father of Medicine’

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10
Q

What became of the former rulers of various Egyptian states when power was passed to Djoser ?

A

They became governors or tax officials

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11
Q

Which pharaoh began the Forth Dynasty ?

A

Sneferu

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12
Q

What else did Sneferu do for the Old Kingdom ?

A

He brought the Old Kingdom to its peak

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13
Q

Sneferu was responsible for the building of numerous pyramids. What are the 3 most famous ?

A
  1. The Meidum pyramid
  2. The Red pyramid
  3. The Bent pyramid
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14
Q

Which of Sneferu’s sons built the ‘Great pyramid of Giza’ ?

A

Khufu

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15
Q

What did Khufu’s son Khafra build ?

A

The Sphinx

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16
Q

In addition to architecture, what else was extremely important in the Old Kingdom ?

A

Art

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17
Q

In which areas of art did the artists of the Old Kingdom perfect their techniques ?

A

Sculptures, Relief and paintings

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18
Q

What materials did artists uses to construct life-sized structures ?

A

Copper, stone and wood

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19
Q

What was the majority of art in the Old Kingdom centred on ?

A

Life after death and how to achieve it

20
Q

What other items became popular in artistic circles in the Old Kingdom ?

A

Jewellery, carved furniture and other decorative items

21
Q

Into which country did the military of the Old Kingdom expand Ancient Egypt’s interests ?

A

Today’s Sudan

22
Q

In which Dynasty did the construction of pyramids start to diminish ?

A

The Fifth Dynasty

23
Q

Instead of building pyramids where did the Egyptians of the Fifth Dynasty channel their efforts towards ?

A

Constructing Sun temples

24
Q

The Sun temples were built to worship which god ?

A

The sun god Ra

25
Q

Apart from building sun temples, what other avenue did they turn their efforts towards ?

A

The trade market

26
Q

Name some of the commodities that the Fifth Dynasty Egyptians traded in ?

A

Myrrh - Frankincense - Copper - Gold - Ebony - Ivory - Cedar

27
Q

What did the Egyptians build when they were inspired by the trade they were carrying out ?

A

Ships

28
Q

Why did they build ships for trading ?

A

To widen their trading activities

29
Q

What commodity did Egypt trade in with Somalia ?

A

Ivory and Ebony

30
Q

What was Somalia known as during the

Fifth Dynasty ?

A

The Kingdom of Punt

31
Q

From which country did Egypt trade for cedar ?

A

Lebanon

32
Q

When did the rulers power begin to weaken ?

A

During the Sixth Dynasty

33
Q

Who started to gain strength when the rulers power began to dwindle ?

A

The regional governors

34
Q

What were the regional governors otherwise known

as ?

A

Nomarchs

35
Q

What did the regional governors begin to create ?

A

Local Dynasties

36
Q

What sort of power did the regional governors of the regional governors have ?

A

Powers independent of the ruler

37
Q

While the regional governors were gaining power

what were the rulers preoccupied with ?

A

Flood control of the river Nile and building canals amongst other interests

38
Q

What happened towards the end of the

Sixth Dynasty ?

A

Egypt fell into civil war

39
Q

Who was the long reigning pharaoh during the civil

war of the Sixth Dynasty ?

A

Pepi II

40
Q

For what reason did this civil war start ?

A

Because there was no clear plan on who would succeed Pepi II

41
Q

What happened shortly after the period of civil war ?

A

A drought gripped Egypt

42
Q

What was the consequence of the drought ?

A

It prevented the River Nile from flooding normally

43
Q

What was the outcome of having a civil war, no clear plan and a drought in Egypt ?

A

The Old Kingdom collapsed

44
Q

What happened when the Old Kingdom collapsed ?

A

Ancient Egypt was thrown into famine and war

45
Q

Which period followed the Old Kingdom ?

A

The First Intermediate Period

Egyptology - Early Dynastic Period (2 decks)

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