The Oddyssey Flashcards
1
Q
Who is Penelope?
A
The faithful wife of Odysseus
2
Q
Who is Odysseus?
A
The son of Laertes, the father of Telemachus. He is a favorite of the gods and a war hero.
3
Q
Who is Polyphemus?
A
The cyclops that eats Odysseus’ men. He is Poseidon’s son.
4
Q
Who is Eurylocus?
A
One of Odysseus’ comrades who said he wouldn’t leave Circe’s island. He disobeyed Odysseus, and lead the men to eat the cattle of the sun.
5
Q
Who is Circe?
A
The witch of the island that turned the men into swine.
6
Q
Who is Telemachus?
A
The son of Penelope and Odysseus
7
Q
Who are the Sirens?
A
Women with mystical voices that lead sailors to death,
8
Q
Who is Scylla?
A
A six headed yelping monster.
9
Q
Who is alcinous?
A
King of the Phoenicians
10
Q
Who is Eumaues?
A
The loyal swine herd
11
Q
Who is Philoetius?
A
The loyal cowherd that fights with Odysseus.
12
Q
Who is Antinous?
A
An obnoxious suitor that odysseus killed first.
13
Q
Who is amphinomus?
A
One of the suitors killed by Odysseus, and considered the most well behaved.
14
Q
Who is Eurymachus?
A
One of the main suitors who is not loyal and is a bad guest.
15
Q
Who is Mentor?
A
An old friend of Odysseus, and the person that Athena is disguised as.
16
Q
Who is Calypso?
A
The nymph with lovely braids that held Odysseus hostage on her island.
17
Q
Who is Hermes?
A
The messenger god and giant slayer that helps out Odysseus.
18
Q
Who is Athena?
A
The blue/clear eyed goddess of wisdom and courage who helps Odysseus return home
19
Q
Who is Charybdis?
A
The whirlpool monster
20
Q
Who is Zeus?
A
Masrshalls thunderheads, son of Cronos.
21
Q
Who is Elpenor?
A
Odysseus’ comrade who was drunk and fell off a roof, wanted to be burned in his armor.
22
Q
Who is Achilles?
A
One of the greatest warriors in the Trojan War. His son carries on his legacy, and Odysseus met him in the underworld.
23
Q
Who is Ino?
A
Lends Odysseus the scarf to save him from drowning
24
Q
What is Aeolus?
A
Gave Odysseus a bag of wind
25
Who is Agamemnon?
Killed by his wife, and told Odysseus not to trust women, especially not his wife.
26
Who is Tiresias?
The seer in hell who tells Odysseus what will happen if they eat the cattle
27
Who is Eurlcleyia?
Telemachus' loyal nurse
28
Who is Laertes?
Odysseus father
29
Who is Anticlea?
Odysseus mom
30
Hubris
Excessive pride or arrogance, not valued in Greek culture
31
Arete
Excellence
32
Wha are the Greek values ?
Crime and punishment, fate, guest/host relationship, respect for the gods, and respect for the dead.
33
Epithet
Character description in short phrases
34
Guest host relationship
Relationship between hosts and guests that were sacred, they provide hospitality and protection and were punished if bad host or guest// where nice, because didn't know if their guest was a god in disguise or not
35
Crime and punishment
When people break rules or try to be godlike, they will be punished.
36
How could you respect the gods?
People had to pray to them, build temples and shrines, and offer them parts of an animal people didn't want to eat and could be punished if didn't follow rules
37
How could you respect the dead?
Had to have proper funerals and perform certain rites; without it, the soul would be in the underworld
38
In media res
Flashbacks in the middle of a story
39
Epic similes
Similes developed over several lines.
40
Epic
A long narrative poem about the deeds gods or heros that show the culture they are apart of
41
Calypsos island
Place where Odysseus was held captive until being freed from a proclimation by the gods.
42
Olympus
Place in the sky where the main gods live and counsel
43
Ithaca
Odysseus' home
44
Land of the Cicones and Lotus Eaters
Feed the men the lotus and they dont want to leave, which prolongs their journey and takes them even longer to get home.
45
Island of the cyclops
The place where polyphemus attacks and many of odysseus men were left on the island
46
Hades
The house of death
47
Who proposes that Odysseus be allowed to return home?
Athena
48
Which God opposes that Odysseus be freed and why?
Posidedon, because Odysseus blinded his son Polyphemus.
49
How does Athena disguise herself at Ithaca?
She uses her wand to turn into mentor.
50
What does Odysseus father Laertes do?
He is old and doesn't do much.
51
How is telemachus caught between his mother and the suitors?
The suitors want to marry penelope and Telemachus doesn't do anyhign about it.
52
What is Athenas advice to Telemachus?
To go off and be a man and find info about his dad
53
What song brings Penelope out of her room
The acheans journey home from troy
54
How does Telemachus show his new strength with penelope?
He yells at her and she takes orders
55
How does Telemachus show his new strength with the suitors
He tells them what to do and does not let them walk over him
56
Who are the three main suitors that are the worst?
Antinous, eurymachus, and amphinomus
57
Who is Telemacus' loyal nurse?
Eurycleia
58
What is Calyspo's complaint when she is told to release Odysseus?
She doesn't understand why she cant be with a mortal when Zeus gets to be with the women. She also says she should be able to keep him because she found him.
59
How does Ino help Odysseus
By giving him the magic scarf that keeps him from drowning
60
What was the crews mistake at Ismarus?
They raided the Cicones, took advantage, killed their sheep, stole their wine,basically bad guests.
61
What happened if you ate the fruit of the lotus?
You would be stuck in a trance and would never want to leave.
62
How are the cyclops unlike the Acheans ?
They claim to not fear the gods, and are savages. They are lawless men who roam around.
63
What was Odysseus' first mistake on the island of the Cyclops?
Demanding a guest gift
64
How does Polyphemus violate the guest host relationship?
He doesn't respect the guests.
65
How did Odysseus plan to disable Polyphemus?
He took a 6 foot long part off the dude’s club and shaped it and burned it until it was hard. The crews would stab it into his eye when he was asleep and Odysseus would put all his weight on it to shove it in more.
66
What was Odysseus strategy for escaping the cave of Polyphemus
Riding under the animals attached to their stomachs
67
What was Odysseus mistake in departing the island?
Telling Polyphemus his real name
68
What was Aelous' gift?
A bag of winds
69
How did Odysseus' ship escape the same fate as all the others at the hands of the Lastergoians?
They escaped first by rowing away fast.
70
How did the beasts behave in front of Circe's palace?
Tamed
71
What did Circe transform the men into, and how?
Pigs, and with her wand.
72
Who have Odysseus advice to deal with Circe, and what was that advice?
Hermes told him to only deny Circe's bed once she gave him word
73
Why did Odysseus make Circe swear an oath before he slept with her?
He didn't want to get hurt again
74
How long did they start with Circe
A year
75
Who was "none too brave in battle, none too sound of mind"? What's the evidence that this character was not very bright?
Elpenor, and becuase he fell off the roof when he was drunk.
76
According to Circe, what is Odysseus' next step on his way home?
Going to the house of death
77
What was Elpenors request and threat?
He wanted a proper burial, and he would haunt Odysseus if he didnt.
78
What did the prophecy of tiresias say
They must not eat the cattle of Helios, curbing their will to act wildly and disobediently
79
What were odysseus' men told not to do on thrinacia island?
Dont eat the cattle of Helios
80
What will Odysseus' death be like, depending on whether they eat the cattle?
Natural, from old age, while he is surrounded by close family and friends. If they do eat the cattle, he will suffer to death.
81
What do the dead need in order to regain memory and speech?
Drink sacrificial blood of a ram
82
What caused Anticlea's death?
Depression from Odysseus being gone
83
Why cant Odysseus embrace his mother?
Because it is her ghost, and humans cannot embrace ghosts.
84
What is Agammenon's advice on how to return home to Ithaca?
Not to tell Penelope everyhing about the journey, and to arrive at Ithaca secretly
85
Why is Achilles so happy to hear about the achievements of his son neplotemeous?
He wants his son to be successful
86
What are the torments of tantalus and sisyphus
Tantalus is surrounded by food but cannot eat or drink, and Sisyphus has to push a boulder up a hill that will eventually crush him, and then he has to do it again.
87
According to Circe, what must not happen to the Cattle of the sun?
They must not be eaten by the crew
88
What would the consequence be for eating the cattle?
All the men will die.
89
How did odysseus manage to hear the sirens without going overboard?
He tied himself to the ship
90
Why are the sirens so attractive?
They sing an enchanting song
91
How did Odysseus disobey Circe's orders when he approached scylla?
She told him to speed by her and try not to fight her, but she didnt listen
92
Who leads the Mutiny against odyssey over the landing of thrinacai
Eurylochus
93
Why did they eat the cattle?
He says that he would rather die on seas than die of hunger.
94
What signs came from the meat that revealed the crew was doomed?
They began to crawl, rot, smell, and be clustered with flies,
95
To whom did helios appeal to push the crew?
Zeus
96
Where did Odysseus end at the end of book 12
Calpsyos island
97
How does Odysseus know that Telemachus is a friend and not a stranger from his approach?
The dogs dont bark when he talks to the swine herd
98
How many suitors and servants occupy Odysseusues palace?
117
99
What excuse does Telemachus give as to why he is hiding the weapons?
He doesn't want the suitors to drunkenly use them
100
Which suitor wants to kill Telemachus outright?
Antinous
101
Which suitor claims they want to protect Telemachus, lying?
Eurymachus
102
What are the two names of the beggar at Odysseus' palace?
Inus/arnaues
103
What is the prize for the victor?
Marrying Penelope
104
What does the beggar's defeat foreshadow?
That the suitors will lose and die
105
What were Odysseus' parting words to Penelope before departing for Troy?
To marry another man as soon as Telemacus is a man
106
Who is Melatntho's lover?
Eurymachus
107
Who is "fated to be the first man to taste/ an arrow whipped from Great Odysseus' hands"?
Antinous
108
Who would have strung the bow of Odysseus didn't stop him?
Telemachus
109
Who did Odysseus recruit to fight?
Eumaeus and the cowherd
110
In which god's honor is the feast day on the island? What is he the god of?
Apollo, the god of archer
111
Which is the first suitor to try the bow?
Leodes
