The Noun Flashcards
gender of nouns
the gender of a noun is either masculine (usually -o) or feminine (usually -a). the gender cannot be predicted so you have to memorize the definite articles (el, la, los, las)
nouns that are masculine
- generally, nouns that end in -o
- some nouns that end in -e or a consonant
- some nouns that end in -a, including all international words ending in -ma
- rivers and oceans
- colors and numbers
nouns that are feminine
- generally, nouns that end in -a
- some nouns that end in -e or a consonant
- all nouns that end in -ción, -sión, -dad, and -tad as well as most ending in -ud
- some nouns that end in -o
- letters of the alphabet
- countries, cities, and islands ending in -a (others including those ending w/ a consonant are usually masculine)
- some nouns that begin w/ a stressed -a or -ha take the masculine article, bc otherwise the pronunciation of the singular is unclear. In the plural, they use the feminine article las (ex. el hada, las hadas)
little boy
el chico
son
el hijo
book
el libro
bedroom
el dormitorio
car
el coche
airplane
el avión
trip/journey
el viaje
hotel
el hotel
day
el día
map
s/p
el mapa
los mapas
streetcar
el tranvía
problem
s/p
el problema
los problemas
couch
s/p
el sofá
los sofás
climate
el clima
yellow
el amarillo
green
el verde
lilac (color)
el lila
eight
el ocho
little girl
la chica
bed
la cama
table
la mesa
beach
la playa
night
s/p
la noche
las noches
part (a part of something)
la parte
key
la llave
cathedral
la catedral
room
la habitación
- the norm is el cuarto
portion
la ración
decision
s/p
la decisión
las habitaciones
freedom
la libertad
age
la edad
city
la ciudad
youth
la juventud
health
la salud
hand
la mano
photo
la foto
radio
la radio
motorcycle
la moto
is it a b or a p?
¿Es una b o una p?
Malaga is very touristy. I’m going to India and Japan. Fuerteventura is very beautiful.
Málaga es muy turística. Yo me voy a la India y al Japón. Fuerteventura es muy bonita.
As the white eagle is rare, white eagles are protected. Fairies always help in stories, and so, the good fairy saves the princess many times.
Como el águila blanca es rara, las águilas blancas están protegidas. Las hadas siempre ayudan en los cuentos, y así, el hada buena salva muchas veces a la princesa.
identical sound, but different gender
there are a few nouns that sound the same but differ in meaning, depending on the gender. And in some regions, some nouns have a different gender depending on region
the capital (finances)
el capital
the capital (city)
la capital
the policeman
el policía
the police (force)
la policía
the priest
el cura
the cure
la cura
the guide (man)
el guía
the guide (woman)
la guía
there are a few words that are quite similar, but differ in gender and ending
you’re doing great amiga. keep at it
el puerto
la puerta
the port
the door
el banco
la banca
the bank
the bench; banking
el bolso
la bolsa
the handbag
the bag; the stock exchange
el grupo
la grupa
the group
the hindquarters
los medios
las medias
the media
the stockings
gender of nouns denoting persons and occupations
the grammatical gender is the same of the natural gender beside a few words that are always feminine
(ex. la persona - person, la víctima - victim)
my uncle is a male nurse and my aunt is a secretary
mi tío es enfermero y mi tía es secretaria
There is a lot of capital in the capital!
¡Hay mucho capital en la capital!
the keys and the money are not there!
¡las llaves y el dinero no están ahí!
the satchel, the notebooks, the ballpoint pen, and the books are on the table
la cartera, los cuadernos, el bolígrafo y los libros están en la mesa
now pedro has a problem
ahora pedro tiene un problema
if the masculine form ends in -o, the feminine..
ends in -a
if the masculine designation for a person or occupation ends in -or, the feminine…
ends in -ora
masculine designations for persons or occupations that end in -e usually have a feminine form…
ending in -a
waiter
s/p
el camarero
los camareros
waitress
la camarera
professor
el profesor/la profesora
worker
el trabajador/la trabajadora
boss
el jefe/la jefa
salesperson
el dependiente/la dependienta
president
el presidente/la presidenta
dad
el padre
mom
la madre
king
el rey
queen
la reina
prince
el príncipe
princess
la princesa
