The Norman Conquest - Key words Flashcards

1
Q

What does ‘AD’ stand for, and what does it signify?

A

Anno Domini, the years after Christ was born.

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2
Q

What does ‘BC’ stand for, and what does it signify?

A

Before Christ, the years before Christ was born.

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3
Q

Who were the Anglo-Saxons, and when did they invade England?

A

Tribes that invaded England from 400 AD.

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4
Q

Who is the most senior church official in a country?

A

The Archbishop.

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5
Q

What is the highest rank in medieval society?

A

The Baron.

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6
Q

What famous cloth depicts William’s conquest?

A

The Bayeux Tapestry.

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7
Q

What is a cathedral, and who is based there?

A

A large and impressive church in which a bishop is based.

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8
Q

What is the term for soldiers who fought on horseback?

A

Cavalry.

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9
Q

What does ‘chronology’ refer to?

A

The order that past events happened in.

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10
Q

What term describes a person competing for the throne?

A

Claimant.

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11
Q

Who are clergy, and what roles do they perform?

A

Men who worked within the church, such as priests, bishops, archbishops, and monks.

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12
Q

What is a coronation?

A

A ceremony where the king is officially crowned.

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13
Q

What was the purpose of the Domesday Book?

A

To detail the possessions of every village and town in England, ordered by William.

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14
Q

What is the Feudal System?

A

The structure of medieval society.

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15
Q

What is a fortification used for?

A

To defend against attacks.

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16
Q

What term describes an Anglo-Saxon part-time soldier?

A

Fyrd.

17
Q

What does ‘harrying’ mean?

A

To repeatedly attack somewhere or someone.

18
Q

What is a hierarchy?

A

A social structure ranking people from highest to lowest status.

19
Q

What term refers to professional Anglo-Saxon soldiers?

A

Huscarls.

20
Q

What does ‘illegitimate’ mean in the context of birth?

A

Someone born outside of marriage.

21
Q

What term describes soldiers on horseback who belonged to the nobility?

A

Knights.

22
Q

What is a monarch?

A

The king or queen of a country.

23
Q

What is a motte and bailey castle?

A

A simple castle with a man-made hill surrounded by a clear defensive area.

24
Q

Who were the Normans?

A

William’s nobles brought over from Normandy.

25
Q

What is an oath, and how is it significant?

A

A sacred promise witnessed by God.

26
Q

Who were peasants, and what was their role in the Feudal System?

A

The majority of Englishmen, at the bottom of the Feudal System, who had to work the land for their lord.

27
Q

What does ‘revolt’ mean in a historical context?

A

To fight in a violent manner against a ruler.

28
Q

What is a shield wall?

A

A barrier created by soldiers with their shields.

29
Q

What is ‘succession’ in the context of monarchy?

A

A new monarch taking over the throne from the last monarch.

30
Q

What does ‘survey’ mean in a medieval context?

A

To examine or investigate somewhere.

31
Q

What is a tactic?

A

A carefully planned strategy in battle.

32
Q

Who were Vikings, and where did they come from?

A

Seafaring warriors and invaders from Scandinavia.

33
Q

What was the Witan, and what was its role?

A

A collection of Anglo-Saxon noblemen who advised the king.

34
Q

What is Significance?

A

A process of determining whether an event/individual/organisation/place in history
is worthy of particular attention and analysis

35
Q

What does it mean when something is ‘Revealing’

A

When an event/individual/organisation/place in history tells us something about a
bigger picture or a bigger idea

36
Q

What is an ‘Inference’

A

A conclusion that historians draw from the evidence they find about the past, based
on what they can work out from it, in light of what they already know