The Normal Periodontium Flashcards
Masticatory Mucosa (Type & Location)
- Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- Hard palate, attached gingiva, dorsum of tongue
Lining Mucosa (Type & Location)
- Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- Buccal mucosa (cheeks), Labial mucosa (lips)
Specialized Mucosa (Location)
- dorsum of tongue, taste buds
Where are rete peges located?
Masticatory epithelium (palate, attached gingiva)
Layers of gingival epithelium? (superficial -> deep)
Corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
- Coneum is constantly being shed
How does the epithelium/connective tissue interface?
Connective tissue projects into epithelium
Layers of basement membrane?
Basal Lamina - Lamina lucida - Lamina Densa (Collagen 4-- MOST COMMON) Attaching Proteins (Collagen 7) Lamina Reticularis (Collagen 3)
Hemidesomosomes connect what to what?
Epithelium to basement membrane (Lamina lucica, lamina densa)
Where do melanocytes reside?
Basal epithelia layer – (basement membrane)
Where are langerhan cells located?
Among keratinocytes… gingival epithelium
What is the gingiva comprised of?
Attached gingiva
Unattached gingiva
Interdental ginigiva
T/F Surround bone of the alveolar process is considered periodontium?
False, the bone surrounding the alveolar bone is not apart of the periodontium
Functions of perioduntium?
Defend Resist Attach Maintain Adjust
What features are found in the gingival epithelium?
keratinocytes
Desmosomes
Tonofilaments
- keratin intermediate filaments in desmosomes
Basal lamina
HemidesmosomesAnatomy of the gingiva includes? (FISA)
Free gingiva
Interdental gingiva
Sulcus
Attached gingiva
What lies between the free gingiva and the attached gingiva?
Marginal Groove
What lies between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa?
Mucogingival junction
What are the gingival boundaries?
Upper edge – gingival margin
Lower edge – alveolar mucosa
What part of the gingiva is most prone to inflammation?
Free gingiva
Sulcus depth that is healthy?
Less than or equal to 3mm
What type of tissue makes up the free gingiva (buccally or lingually)?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
What is the base of the sulcus formed by?
Junctional Epthelium
The walls of the sulcus are made of what tissue type?
non-keratinized (Semipermeable)
Where should the base of the sulcus (junctional epithelium) normally be?
Attached to enamel
What purposes does the gingival crevicular fluid have?
Cleanse sulcus
Adhesion of epithelium to tooth
Antimicrobial
Antibodies
Where does gingival crevicular fluid come from?
from the CT by means of osmosis
Cellular items in GCF?
bacteria
Sluffed epithelial cells
leukocytes (PMN’s, lymphocytes, monocytes)
Electrolytes in GCF?
Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Fluoride
- inflammation = higher Ca, and Na
Metabolic end products from bacteria in GCF?
Lactic acid Urea Hydroxyproline Endotoxins Cytokines (interleukins, TNF-alpha) Hydrogen Sulphide
Textured gingiva is called what?
Stippling
Facial attached gingiva measurements
maxillary - incisors - 3.5 to 4.4 mm - premolar - 1.9 mm mandibular - 3.3 to 3.9 mm - 1.8 mm
What type of tissue lines the palate?
attached tissue (masticatory mucosa)
Interdental gingiva is also known as?
papillae
What connects facial and lingual papillae?
The COL
What is the COL?
Depression between facial and lingual interdental gingiva.
More susceptible to disease.
Is the COL keratinized or non-keratinized?
non-keratinized
What is the junctional epithelium continuous with?
sulcular epithelium
Where is the junctional epithelium derived from?
REE.
REE turns into JE 3-4 years post eruption
What is a unique histological feature to the JE?
2 basement membranes
- internal basal lamina (attaches to enamel –
hemidesmosomes)
- external basal lamina (attaches to CT)
Where does the JE normally in an adult lie?
Close to the CEJ
How fast does the JE turnover?
VERY RAPID
