The Newborn/Infant health screenings Flashcards
APGAR
appearance pulse grimace activity (muscle tone) respirations 10= normal 0= abnormal
Acroyanosis
bluish or purple coloring of the hands and feet caused by slow circulation.
seen in healthy newborns (this is normal)
seen in extremities and mouth
milia
pinpoint white papules on face, prominent on cheeks, nose, chin, and forehead
spont. disappears within 3-4 weeks of life
if persist, may indicate genetic syndrome
miliaria
obstructed sweat (eccrine gland) ducts; sometimes referred to as “prickly heat”
erythema toxicum
most common newborn rash
appear between days 2-5
blotchy red spots on the skin with overlying white yellow papules or pustules resolves by day 14
café au lait spots
typically a subtle shade discolored located on either the flank may be present at birth but likely to increases in size with age . suspect neurofibromatosis if there are many large spots or if more than 6 spots in a child older than 5 years of age
junctional nevi
if present in large numbers, suspect tuberous sclerosis, xeroderma pigmentosus, or generalized neurofibromatosis
Mongolian spots
benign flat, congenital birthmarks with wavy borders and irregular shapes, common color is blue, may last up to 3-5 years after birth always disappears by puberty
port wine stain
vascular birthmark (malformation) consisting of superficial and deep dilated capillaries in the skin \, produce a reddish to purplish discoloration of the skin, permeant
strawberry mark (hemangiomas)
affects 2% or more of babies, raised, soft, red, lumps on the skin, more common in premature babies, hypo/hyper pigmented after 6 months of age the mark usually begins to shrink and fade
when do infants start rooting
3-4 months
when do infants start sucking
3-4 months
when do infants have a babinski
12 months
if there is a white spot when doing red reflex this means?
retinoblastoma or congenital cataracts
if there is a black spot when doing red reflex this means?
no clear path pathway from the lens to the retina
