The nervous sytem Flashcards
Central nervous system
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
All nerves
Sensory organs
What is the Peripheral nervous system split into ?
somatic nervous sytem
Autonomic nervous system
What are the four regions of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencephatalon
Brain stem
Features of the Cerebrum
Largest brain region (83%)
Responsible for complex aspects of consciousness like memory personality and intelligence
made of white and grey matter
What are the four loves of the cerebrum?
Frontal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occiptal lobe
Parietal lobes
What are the functions of the Cerebellum?
Coordinates skeletal muscle contractions
Regulates balance and posture
May have a role in langauge processing and reconginition
What is the Diencephalon?
Partners with the cerebrum and cerebellum
Functions of the Diencephalon?
Coordinate motor functions
play a role in consciousness
control and integrate the autonomic nervous system
What is the Brain stem?
Links the spinal cord to the higher regions of the brain
Composed of 3 parts
What are the 3 parts of the Brain stem?
Midbrain - motor control, visions and hearing
Pons - helps control breathing rhythms
medualla Oblongata - handles respiration, digestion and circulation and reflexes such as swallowing
What is the structure of the spinal cord?
Delicate structure
central region of grey matter surrounded by white matter
CSF flows in central cahal
What are the features of the nerve cell?
Dendrites - conduct impulses toward the cell body
axons - conduct impulses away from the celll body
Contact between an axon terminal and its traget is called a synpase
What are Schwann cells?
Form myelin sheath on peripheral nerve axons
myelin acts as insulating layer - high lipid content
spaces between myelin called Nodews of Ranvier
What are the other CNS cells?
Astroglia - bind firmly together at sites if blood vessels in the CNS to create the blood brain barrier
Oligodendrocytes - form myelin sheaths of axons in the CNS. Schwann cells form myelin sheath in PNS
Microglia - immune cells found in white and grey matter
Ependymal cells - ciliated cubodial columnar epithelial cells which line the ventricles and central canal in the spinal cord
