The Nervous System Disorder

Question 1

Transient Ischemic Attack / Ataque isquémico transitorio

Answer 1

is when blood flow to a part of the brain stops for a brief period of time. A person will have stroke-like symptoms for up to 24 hours, but in most cases for 1 - 2 hours

Question 2

Migraine / migraña

Answer 2

a common type of headache that may occur with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or sensitivity to light. In many people, a throbbing pain is felt only on one side of the head. Some people who get migraines have warning symptoms, called an aura, before the actual headache begins

Question 3

Epilepsy (Convulsions) / epilepsia

Answer 3

a brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures (convulsions) over time. Seizures are episodes of disturbed brain activity that cause changes in attention or behavior

Question 4

Parkinson’s Disease / la

Enfermedad de Parkinson

Answer 4

a disorder of the brain that leads to shaking (tremors) and difficulty with walking, movement, and coordination

Question 5

Multiple Sclerosis / Esclerosis múltiple

Answer 5

is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system); in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. This damage disrupts the ability of parts of the nervous system to communicate, resulting in a wide range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems

Question 6

Alzheimer’s disease / Enfermedad de Alzheimer

Answer 6

is one form of dementia that gradually gets worse over time. It affects memory, thinking, and behavior

Question 7

Dementia / Demencia, locura, pérdida o trastorno de la facultad de pensar con coherenciap

Answer 7

is a loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases. It affects memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behavior

Question 8

Spina Bifida / La espina bífida

Answer 8

is a birth defect. Most children who have it don’t have problems from it. It occurs when the bones of the spine (vertebrae) do not form properly around part of the baby’s spinal cord. It can affect how the skin on the back looks. And in severe cases, it can make walking or daily activities hard to do without help

Question 9

Meningitis / Meningitis

Answer 9

is a bacterial infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges)

Question 10

Stroke / derrame cerebral

Answer 10

happens when blood flow to a part of the brain stops; is sometimes called a “brain attack.” If blood flow is stopped for longer than a few seconds, the brain cannot get blood and oxygen. Brain cells can die, causing permanent damage

Question 11

Sciatic Nerve / Nervio ciático

Answer 11

a large nerve in humans and other animals. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body, going from the top of the leg to the foot on the posterior aspect. The sciatic nerve supplies nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot

Question 12

Pinched Nerve / Pinzamiento de un nervio

Answer 12

occurs when too much pressure is applied to a nerve by surrounding tissues — such as bones, cartilage, muscles or tendons. This pressure disrupts the nerve’s function, causing pain, tingling, numbness or weakness.

Question 13

Cerebral Palsy / Parálisis Cerebral

Answer 13

is a group of disorders that can involve brain and nervous system functions, such as movement, learning, hearing, seeing, and thinking. There are several different types of cerebral palsy, including spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, hypotonic, and mixed

Question 14

Paralysis / Parálisis

Answer 14

is the complete loss of muscle function for one or more muscle groups; can cause loss of feeling or loss of mobility in the affected area

Question 15

Vertigo / vértigo

Answer 15

is a subtype of dizziness in which a patient inappropriately experiences the perception of motion (usually a spinning motion) due to dysfunction of the vestibular system; often associated with nausea and vomiting as well as a balance disorder, causing difficulties standing or walking. 3 types: 1-objective: sensation that objects in the environment are moving; 2-subjective:feel as if he or she is moving; 3-pseudovertigo: an intensive sensation of rotation inside the patient’s head

Question 16

Tinnitus / Tinnitus, el zumbido de oídos

Answer 16

is the medical term for “hearing” noises in your ears when there is no outside source of the sounds. The noises you hear can be soft or loud. They may sound like ringing, blowing, roaring, buzzing, hissing, humming, whistling, or sizzling

Question 17

Labyrinthitis / La laberintitis

Answer 17

is an ear disorder that involves irritation and swelling (inflammation) of the inner ear

Question 18

Glaucoma / Glaucoma, enfermedad gravísima del globo del ojo, caracterizada por el aumento de los humores intraoculares, que acaba por producir la ceguera

Answer 18

refers to a group of eye conditions that lead to damage to the optic nerve. This nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain. In most cases, damage to the optic nerve is due to increased pressure in the eye, also known as intraocular pressure

Question 19

Cataracts / cataratas

Answer 19

a clouding of the lens of the eye

Question 20

Restless leg syndrome / Síndrome de piernas inquietas

Answer 20

is a disorder in which there is an urge or need to move the legs to stop unpleasant sensation

Question 21

Fibromyalgia / La fibromialgia

Answer 21

is a common syndrome in which a person has long-term, body-wide pain and tenderness in the joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues. Fibromyalgia has also been linked to fatigue, sleep problems, headaches, depression, and anxiety