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Psych (1.4.2) Biopsychology > The nervous system > Flashcards

The nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two main functions of the nervous system in humans?

A

1 - To collect, process and respond to information from the environment.
2 - To coordinate the working of different organs and cells in the body.

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2
Q

What are the two divisions of the human nervous system?

A

1 - The peripheral nervous system.

2 - The central nervous system.

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3
Q

What are the two divisions of the CNS?

A

Brain and Spinal Cord.

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4
Q

What are he two divisions of the PNS?

A

Autonomic nervous system and Somatic nervous system.

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5
Q

The brain and spinal cord belong to which part of the human nervous system?

A

The CNS.

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6
Q

The autonomic and somatic nervous systems are a branch of which part of the human nervous system?

A

The PNS.

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7
Q

Which part of hte nervous system can the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems be found?

A

A branch of the autonomic nervous system in the PNS.

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8
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in a flight / flight response?

A

The sympathetic nervous system.

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9
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in rest and digest?

A

The parasympathetic nervous system.

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10
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in increasing the body’s activity?

A

Sympathetic.

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11
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in decreasing the body’s activity?

A

Parasympathetic.

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12
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in the increase of heart rate?

A

Sympathetic.

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13
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in unconscious functioning, homeostasis (heart rate, digestion)?

A

Autonomic.

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14
Q

Describe the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

It acts as a brake and reduces the activities of the body that have been increased by the sympathetic nervous system.

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15
Q

Which part of the human nervous system is involved in carrying sensory information to the brain and producing muscular responses?

A

Somatic nervous system.

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16
Q

What is the nervous system?

A

A specialised network of cells in the body that acts as our primary internal communication system.

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17
Q

What are the constituents of the CNS?

A

The brain and spinal cord.

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18
Q

What is the function of the brain?

A

It is the centre of all conscious awareness.

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19
Q

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A

All of the nerves branching from the brain and spine.

20
Q

Which part of the PNS is involuntary?

A

The autonomic nervous system.

21
Q

Which part of the PNS is voluntary?

A

The somatic nervous system.

22
Q

Which part of the human nervous system connects the CNS to the organs and limbs?

A

The PNS.

23
Q

Which part of the human nervous system carries sensory information to and from the CNS?

A

The PNS.

24
Q

Which part of the human nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions?

A

The PNS.

25
Q

What are the functions of the PNS?

A
  • Regulates involuntary body functions (homeostasis).
  • Carries sensory and motor information to and from the CNS.
  • Connects the CNS with the organs and limbs.
26
Q

Homeostasis is linked heavily to which division of the nervous system?

A

The PNS.

27
Q

How do the two sub-divisions of the nervous system collaborate to allow us to react to environmental stimuli.

A

The PNS detects stimuli and informs the CNS, then inhibits the CNS to react through the PNS.

28
Q

What is the somatic nervous system responsible for?

A

Carrying sensory and motor information to and from the CNS.

29
Q

How was the somatic nervous system named?

A

It was derived from the Greek word ‘soma’ meaning ‘body’.

30
Q

What two major types of neurons are present in the somatic nervous system?

A
  • Sensory neurons.

- Motor neurons.

31
Q

Which type of neuron is commonly known as an afferent neuron?

A

Sensory neurons.

32
Q

Which type of neuron is commonly known as an efferent neuron?

A

Motor neurons.

33
Q

Blood flow, heartbeat and digestion are all governed by which system?

A

The Autonomic nervous system.

34
Q

When is the flight / flight response activated within the sympathetic nervous system?

A

When potential threats are in the environment.

35
Q

What does the flight / fight response do?

A

Prepares the body to expend energy and deal with potential threats, increasing heart rate, breathing rate, blood flow to the muscles, sweat secretion and dilating the pupils.

36
Q

How does the spinal cord connect to the brain?

A

Through the brain stem.

37
Q

How are reflex movements controlled for a faster reaction?

A

They travel through the spinal pathways without involvement from the brain.

38
Q

Simply put, what is the function of the CNS?

A

To receive information and coordinating the responses.

39
Q

What structure protects external damage to the skull?

A

The cranium (skull). (and the meninges)

40
Q

What structure protects external damage to the spinal cord?

A

The vertebra of the spinal column. (and the meninges)

41
Q

What is the meninges?

A

A protective tissue that covers both the brain and spinal cord.

42
Q

The entirety of the CNS is enclosed in cerebrospinal fluid, what does this fluid do?

A

Forms a chemical environment to allow nerve fibres to transmit information effectively and offers further protection from damage.

43
Q

Which fluid forms a chemical environment to allow nerve fibres to transmit information effectively?

A

Cerebrospinalfluid.

44
Q

How does the PNS transmit messages?

A

Through millions of neurons.

45
Q

What specifically does the PNS consist of?

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves, emerging from the brain and mainly serve the head and neck. It also contains 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which branch from the spinal cord and supply the rest of your body.

Psych (1.4.2) Biopsychology (13 decks)

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