the nervous system

Question 1

what does “CNS” mean?

Answer 1

central nervous system

Question 2

what is the central nervous system and what does it do?

Answer 2

made of brain and spinal cord. made of specialized cells that communicate by electrical signals.

Question 3

what does the brain do?

Answer 3

central command organ. receive all bodies impulses.

Question 4

what does the spinal cord do?

Answer 4

allows the brain to communicate with your body.

Question 5

PNS?

Answer 5

connects CNS to rest of the body.

Question 6

PNS main parts?

Answer 6

1) sensory part
2) motor part

Question 7

brain’s main 3 parts?

Answer 7

1) cerebrum
2) cerebellum
3) brain stem

Question 8

cerebrum?

Answer 8

1) largest part of brain
2) thought processer
3) stores memories
4) feel hot/cold
5) controls 5 senses

Question 9

cerebellum?

Answer 9

1) second largest
2) control of coordination
3) processes information from body

Question 10

brain stem?

Answer 10

1) connects brain to spinal cord
2) has medulla

Question 11

what is medulla?

Answer 11

1) controls involuntary processes — blood pressure, body temp, heart rate, involuntary breathing

Question 12

what is the spinal cord made of?

Answer 12

1) nerves bundled together by blood vessels and connective tissue
2) surrounded by protected bone called vertebrae

Question 13

list sensory organs?

Answer 13

1) eyes
2) ears
3) mouth
4) nose
5) skin

Question 14

signals through the nervous system

Answer 14

information from the environment is received and translated into electrical signals by the nervous system.​

the impulses from the brain are carried by special cells known as neurons.​

glial cells protect and support neurons.

there are more glial cells in your brain than neurons.​

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Question 15

neuron parts and functions

Answer 15

cell body – is the core section of the neuron. responsible for creating impulses from information received from dendrites.​

a dendrite – is a usually short, branched extension of the cell body. a neuron may have one or more dendrites. they feed information from cells to the cell body.​

the axon – a long or short extension from the cell body. A neuron has only one axon that carries impulses away from the cell body.​

the axon terminal – is at the end of the axon. It’s where a signal is changed from an electrical signal to a chemical signal known as a neurotransmitter.​

Question 16

eye parts:

Answer 16

the cornea – A clear membrane covering the front of the eye.​

the pupil – An opening that admits light.​

the retina – A layer of sensory receptor cells (rods and cones) that change light into electrical impulses.​

the lens – focuses light rays onto the retina.​

Question 17

touch

Answer 17

the skin is packed with many sense receptors that respond to different sensations (awareness) like a tap on the shoulder, pressure, temperature, pain, and vibration.​

Question 18

hearing

Answer 18

the sensory cells of the ears turn sound waves into electrical impulses that travel to the brain. The ears also help maintain balance.​

the eardrum or the tympanic membrane separates the outer ear from the middle ear. sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate. the vibrations are translated by receptors.​

Question 19

taste

Answer 19

the tongue is covered with taste buds that contain taste cells that respond to signals in dissolved molecules in food.

basic tastes: savory, salty, sweet, sour, bitter

Question 20

smell

Answer 20

the sense organ for smell is the nose. receptors for smell are located in the upper part of the nasal cavity.​

Question 21

what is nerve damage?

Answer 21

can stop transmission of signals to and from the brain, causing cells or muscles to stop working or a loss of feeling in the area supplied by the nerve.​