the need for a transport system

Question 1

why do plants need water

Answer 1

photosynthesis to create glucose
structure/support, vacuole presses cytoplasm against cell walls for turgidity
transport for dissolved nutrients
cooling

Question 2

function of waxy cuticle

Answer 2

prevent water loss

Question 2

function of upper epidermis

Answer 2

thin and transparent, allow more light through chloroplast

Question 3

function of palisade cells

Answer 3

full of green chloroplast, containing chlorophyll to trap sunlight

Question 4

function of spongy mesophyll

Answer 4

contain lots of air spaces, allow carbon dioxide to diffuse through leaf and increase surface area

Question 5

function of stomata

Answer 5

holes in leaf to allow carbon dioxide to diffuse in and oxygen to diffuse out

Question 6

function of guard cells

Answer 6

open and close holes, close to prevent water loss

Question 7

how does the size of plant demonstrate the need for transport system

Answer 7

large plants need effective transport system to move substances both up and down from top of root to topmost of leaves and stems

Question 8

how does SA:V demonstrate the need for transport system

Answer 8

leaves are adapted to have a large SA:V for gas exchange with air
stems, trunks and roots have small SA:V, cannot rely on diffusion alone to supply cells with everything they need

Question 9

how does metabolic demands demonstrate the need for transport system

Answer 9

non-green parts of plant cant photosynthesis
need glucose and oxygen

Question 10

what materials do plants exchange and transport

Answer 10

carbon dioxide - photosynthesis
oxygen - respiration
water - photosynthesis, structure, transport of dissolved nutrients, cooling
organic nutrient - respiration
inorganic ions - healthy growth, making proteins, chlorophyll

Question 11

what are plants categorised into

Answer 11

non-vascular
vascular

Question 11

define cotyledons

Answer 11

organs that act as food stores for a developing embryo plant, and form the first leaves when the seed germinates

Question 12

define monocots

Answer 12

plants that make seeds containing one cotyledon

Question 13

define dicots

Answer 13

plants that make seeds containing two cotyledons

Question 14

difference between monocots and dicots

Answer 14

different leaves, stems, roots and flowers
monocot seed lie in plants embryo
monocot one cotyledon, dicot two

Question 15

define herbaceous dicots

Answer 15

dicot with soft tissue and relatively short lifecycle

Question 16

define woody dicot

Answer 16

dicot with heard, lignified tissues and long life cycle

Question 17

where are xylem found in roots and stem

Answer 17

inside

Question 18

where are xylem found in leaves

Answer 18

above phloem tissue

Question 19

what does the vascular bundle in leaf form

Answer 19

midrib and veins of leaf

Question 20

how is the vascular bundle in roots arranged

Answer 20

centre
central core of xylem, in shape of X
phloem in between arms of X
provides strength to withstand the pulling forces to which roots are exposed
endodermis around vascular bundle, getting water into xylem
inside endodermis is pericycle

Question 21

vascular bundle in stem

Answer 21

found near outer edge
non-woody, separate and discrete
woody, continuous ring in older stems, complete ring of vt under tree
provides flexibility and strength to withstand bending forces
cambium between xylem and phloem, contains meristem divide to form new xylem and phloem