The Neck Flashcards
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle Borders
Anterior Digastric
Posterior Digastric
Inferior border of mandible
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle Floor
Mylohyoid
Hyoglossus
Middle Constrictor
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle Roof
Skin
Superficial fascia with platysma
Deep cervical fascia
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle
Arteries
Facial Artery
Submental Artery
Lingual Artery (small portion)
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle
Veins
Facial Vein
Submental Vein
Lingual Vein (small portion)
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle
Nerves
Mylohyoid n.
CN XII Hypoglossal
Submandibular/Digastric Triangle
Structures
***Submandibular salivary gland (occupies most of triangle)
Submandibular lymph nodes
Inferior portion of Parotid salivary gland
Submental Triangle (there's only 1) Borders
Left anterior digastric
Right anterior digastric
Body of Hyoid bone
Submental Triangle
Floor
Mylohyoid
Submental Triangle
Roof
Skin
Superficial fascia w/ Platysma
Superficial/Investing layer of deep fascia
Submental Triangle
Major contents
no MAJOR contents
Submental Triangle
Veins
Anterior jugular (has poor drainage, little vasculature, infections here do not heal well)
Submental Triangle
Structures
Submental lymph nodes
Muscular Triangle
Borders
Anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid
Superior belly of omohyoid muscle
Midline
Muscular Triangle
Floor
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Muscular Triangle
Roof
Skin
Superficial fascia w/ Platysma
Superficial/Investing layer of deep fascia
Muscular Triangle
Arteries
Superior Thyroid artery
What’s in the carotid space?
IC 10 CC's in the IJ (I see 10 cc's in the IV) Internal carotid artery (superior) Common carotid artery (inferior) CN 10 Vagus Internal Jugular vein Cervical lymph nodes
Define Fascial Planes
Bands of connective tissue (dense irregular) that surrounds and protects structures.
The solid, colored lines in the cross-section
Define Tissue Spaces
Spaces & Pathways that allow infection to spread (from head and neck down to your heart)
The most superficial muscle on the back of the neck?
Trapezius
When you cut past the skin layer, what’s the first thing you’ll see?
Superficial fascia (aka subcutaneous tissue)
Surrounds our entire body
If being asked about fascia etc, it’s called superficial fascia.
If being asked about skin stuff, it’s called subcutaneous tissue.
What does superficial fascia contain?
Fat & the
Platysma is embedded in this layer
Contains sensory branches to the neck
Deep to the Superficial fascia
The layers of Deep fascia which also surround the whole body….Deep to this are the actual muscles (other than the platysma) and organs.
Is there any deep fascia in the face?
No deep fascia in face
This allows for free spread of fluid and therefore infections around there
Purpose of deep fascia?
Protects muscles and organs
Reduces friction of muscle movements
Passageways for nerves and vessels
Provides attachment for some muscles
BD*Which 2 muscles are surrounded by the investing/superficial layer of deep cervical fascia?
SCM
Trapezius
Layers of Deep Cervical Fascia & what kind of fascia does each contain?
Superficial/Investing layer Middle layer (pretracheal fascia: muscular & visceral, buccopharyngeal fascia) Deep layer (prevertebral fascia, alar fascia) Carotid sheath (=superficial,middle,deep combined)
Superficial/Investing Layer
Surrounds entire neck
Encloses SCM & Trapezius
*not so important…Surrounds: Clavicle, Manubrium, Acromion, Zygomatic Arch to Scapular Spine, Mastoid Process, Occipital Bone
in the Middle Layer the Muscular Pretracheal Fascia encloses what?
the 4 infrahyoid muscles:
omohyoid
sternohyoid,
sternothyroid,
thyrohyoid
in the Middle Layer the Visceral Pretracheal Fascia surrounds….like a horseshoe…
Pharynx
Larynx
Thyroid + Trachea + Esophagus
in the Middle Layer the Buccopharyngeal Fascia lies where?
in the back of the esophagus where you can see it
in the Deep fascia’s deep layer, the Prevertebral Fascia
Surrounds what?
Envelopes what?
*And what does it have to do with innervation?
Cervical vertebral column
Deep neck muscles, including prevertebral scalenes & deep back muscles
*CN XI travels along it to the SCM and Trapezius
in the Deep Cervical Fascia, the Carotid Sheath is made of
Contributions of the superficial/investing, middle, and deep layers of fascia
the carotid sheath travels from where to where?
aortic arch up to the base of the skull
what is the space called that’s within the carotid sheath?
and what
carotid space
what is embedded in the wall of the carotid sheath?
ansa cervicalis.
It is not “inside the sheath” nor in the “carotid space”
It IS embedded inside “the wall” of the sheath
Buccopharyngeal fascia will be asked on bds in
- it’s relationship to the oropharynx
- in regards to the spaces infections spread through….
- you’ll see it when your patient opens his/her mouth…it’s the back of th oropharynx
- it serves as a border to the spaces infections can spread through….right behind it is the danger space