The Nature of the Olympian Gods Flashcards

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1
Q

Conditions of being a hero

A

Extraordinary achievements and contributions, extreme behaviour, harmful heroes, to solve a crisis, related to identity

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2
Q

How many gods are there traditionally thought to be?

A

12 in the pantheon

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3
Q

Books by Hesiod

A

Theogony- birth of the gods, and Works and Days- when to perform certain agricultural tasks and how to lead a morally good life with advice on how to worship the gods

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4
Q

Sources for the nature of the gods

A

Homer, Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns- Thogony and the Homeric hymns frequently discussed the birth of the gods

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5
Q

Ways that Greeks shows their reciprocal relationship with the gods

A

sacrifice, votive offerings, libations, prayers

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6
Q

Zeus’ common epithets

A

Zeus Agoraios: ‘of the agora’, oversight over selling and buying goods
Zeus Phratrios
Zeus Philios: the god of individual and household well-being, prosperity and purification
Zeus Herkeios: ‘of the fence/courtyard’, protector of the families

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7
Q

Example of a bad hero

A

Cleomedes- disqualified from the Olympic Games for killing opponent. So angry he ripped down a school roof killing sixty children

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8
Q

Stafford anthropomorphism

A

‘a fundamental characteristic of the Greek pantheon’

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9
Q

Kearns hero cult

A

‘important feature of official religion’

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10
Q

Ekroth hero cult state

A

‘the importance of a hero for the internal development of a city could be enhanced when needed’

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11
Q

Ekroth hero cult personal

A

‘an intimate and original connection with a particular hero was far from necessary’

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12
Q

Example of god Panhellenic v. private

A

Apollo Agyeios was a household deity but Pythian Apollo was worshipped by Greeks all over the world at Delphi

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13
Q

Ekroth hero cult local

A

‘the prominence of heroes is even more apparent’

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14
Q

When were Homer and Hesiod active?

A

8th century

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15
Q

definition of votive offering

A

a dedication to a god by an individual as part of a ‘contract’ or vow made between mortal and deity

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16
Q

Mikalson reciprocal relationship

A

it is the honour which ‘a good subject owes to a good king’- both were deserving

17
Q

Worshipping heroes

A

Heracles worshipped throughout Greece, most heroes were only worshipped at one specific location. Worshipped with rites very similar to each other, with an animal sacrifice at its centre and the common consumption of the sacrificial meat

18
Q

Herakles

A

Unique as was born mortal, died and became a god and was worshipped as both hero and god. Hero-doctor Asclepius similarly worshipped throughout the Greek world and was perceived primarily as a god but of mortal descent

19
Q

Redfield gods in epic

A

‘chief source of comedy’

20
Q

Kirk

A

add variety

21
Q

Griffin

A

‘really impressive gods’ who deserve to be worshipped

22
Q

Allan

A

divine justice