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Science > The nature of matter > Flashcards

The nature of matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and volume

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2
Q

What are examples of matter?

A

air , desk,orange juice

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3
Q

What are the three common states of matter?

A

solid-ice cube liquid-water gas-water vapor

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4
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Properties that can be oberserved without changing the identity of the substance.

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5
Q

What is a substance?

A

Anything that contains only one kind kind of material

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6
Q

What are examples of a substance?

A

suger,water,carbon

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7
Q

What are examples of physical properties

A

density,color,hardness,odor,magnetism,bioling pot

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8
Q

What is element?

A

A subtance that cannot be broken down further into substances.

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9
Q

What are 8 examples of an element?

A

carbon,oxygen,hydrogen,zinc,gold,copper,lead,uranium.

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10
Q

What is an compound?

A

A substance whose unit is made up of more than one element CHEMICALLY COMBINED

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11
Q

What are examples of compounds?

A

suger,water,iron,sulfide

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12
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Any material made up of two or more substances PHYSICALLY COMBINED

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13
Q

What are examples of mixture?

A

kool-aid, chocolate milk,cake batter

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14
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

a mixture in which the substances are distributed unevenly

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15
Q

What are examples heterogeneous mixture?

A

chocolate chip cookies, oil/water, pizza

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16
Q

What is a homogeneous mixtures?

A

A mixture in which the substances are distributed evenly.

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17
Q

What are examples of homogeneous mixtures?

A

milk,coffee, kool-aid, salt water, lemonade, tea

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18
Q

How do you separate mixtures?

A

By hand, filter, evaporation, magnets, sifting,buoyancy

19
Q

What is a solid?

A

is neither liqid nor gas a maintains its own shape. Particles are moving very slowly

20
Q

What is a liquid?

A

Matter that can take on a different shape. Particles are moving around,but not out of control.

21
Q

What is a gas?

A

a vapor that is fluid in from and can expand indefinitely. Particles are moving fast and out of control.

22
Q

What is an atom?

A

smallest part of matter

23
Q

What is the periodic table?

A

A chart that shows the elements in order of increasing atomic numbers.

24
Q

What is a solution?

A

a mixture of one substance disolved in another

25
Q

What is density

A

two measurement of how much mass fits within a certain volume. ( how much stuff is in an object).

26
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

a change in matter that results in a new substance with new properties.

27
Q

What is Physical change?

A

a change in size, shape color or state of matter with NO with no kind of matter being formed.

28
Q

What is a indicator?

A

Substance that is one color in acid and another color base. it is used to identify the pH of a substance. (acid returns red and base turns blue/green.

29
Q

What is the pH scale

A

measures the strengh of acids and bases (scale from 0 to 14)

30
Q

What is acid?

A

A substance that produces positive hydrgen ions in water and has a LOW pH (falls between 0 to 7 the pH scale).

31
Q

What is base?

A

A substances that produces negative hydroxide ions in water and as a HIGH pH (from 7 to 14 on the pH scale).

32
Q

What is neutral?

A

Substance that is neither on acid or base (exactly 7 on the pH scale).

33
Q

What is condensation?

A

When gas into a liquid.

34
Q

What is evaporation?

A

a slow changing of a liquid to a gas

35
Q

What is sublimation?

A

When a solid changes into a gas

36
Q

What is deposition?

A

When a gas changes into a solid (deposition)

37
Q

What is vaporizaton?

A

When a liquid changes into a gas and heat is applied to it.

38
Q

What is burning?

A

A chemical reaction between a fuel and oxyen that results in energy, usually in the form of light and near.

39
Q

What is rusting?

A

the breaking down of some metals in the presence of air and miosture.

40
Q

What is dissolving?

A

when a substance is mixed with another substance to form a solution.

41
Q

What is conversation of matter?

A

matter is not created or destroyed, it only changes form.

42
Q

What is phase change?

A

a change from one state of matter to another.

43
Q

What is Dmitri Mendeleev?

A

Russian scientist who created the periodic table of elements

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