The nature of ionic bonding Flashcards
What are the 3 types of strong chemical bonds?
ionic, covalent and metallic
Why are noble gases very unreactive?
Because they have a full valence electron shell
How many electrons do metals have in their valence shell?
1,2, or 3
What is the easiest way for a metal to have a full outer shell?
To loose their valence electrons
What is the easiest way for a non-metal to have a full outer shell?
To gain electrons because there are gaps in their outer shell
What does ionic bonding occur between?
Metals and non-metals
How are the electrons transferred during an ionic bond?
The metal transfers their electron(s) to the non-metal
What type of charged ion does the non-metal become after gaining electrons from the metal?
A negatively charged ion
What type of charged ion does the metal become after loosing an electron to the non-metal?
A positively charged ion
Why and how is an attraction formed between the metal and the non-metal?
The metal looses its electrons to the non-metal, creating positively and negatively charged ions. These oppositely charged ions attract each other, creating a strong electrostatic force of attraction?
What kind of attraction is made between the oppositely charged ions?
A strong electrostatic force of attraction
What structure do ionic compounds exist as?
A lattice/giant ionic crystal
How is a lattice/giant ionic crystal formed?
The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions extends throughout the compound.
Draw a diagram of the structure of a giant ionic crystal/lattice
What state of matter are ionic compounds at room temperature?
Solid
Why does a giant ionic crystal have a high boiling point?
Because there are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions throughout the crystal which require a lot of energy to overcome/break.
Do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
Yes, but only when molten or dissolved in water.
Why is it that the ionic compound has to be molten or dissolved in water before it can conduct electricity?
It is because electricity is all about the movement of electrical charge and so the charged ions in the ionic compound must be able to move in the liquid state in order to carry this charge.
Why are ionic compounds brittle and shatter easily?
This because the compound is composed of alternating positive and negative ions, and, if given a sharp blow the pattern could be disrupted and positive ions and negative ions would be opposite each other. This would cause them to repel and the compound to shatter.
Draw a diagram to show how ionic compounds can shatter
Check pg 46
Fuse school video on the properties of ionic compounds
