The Nature and Variety of Living Organisms

Question 1

What do all living organisms have in common

Answer 1

• Movement
• Respiration
• Sensitivity
• Control
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Excretion
• Nutrition

Question 2

Lists the organelles functions as well

What organelles do animal and plant cells both share

Answer 2

• Cytoplasm: Chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm
• Nucleus: Controls the activities of the cell
• Cell membrane: Controls entry and exiting of substances into the cell
• Ribosomes: Proteinsynthesis occurs here
• Mitochondria: Where anaerobic respiration takes place; releases energy

CNCRM

Question 3

What is found in plant cells only

Answer 3

• Cell wall: Protects and supports the structure of the cell, made up of cellulose
• Vacuole: Contains dissolved sugars and mineral ions
• Chloroplasts: Carries out photosynthesis

Question 4

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Answer 4

• Eukaryotic: (all animal cells) Has membrane bound organelles
• Prokaryotic: (viruses and bacteria) No membrane bound organelles

Question 5

Talk about whether a bacteria is pathogenic or non pathogenic

What is a pathogen

Answer 5

• A pathogen is a microorganism that causes diseases
• Bacteria can either be pathogenic (pneumococcus) or non-pathogenic (lactobacillus bulgaricus)

Question 6

Virus

Answer 6

• Contains a protein coat which surrounds DNA or RNA
• Unicellular
• Always pathogenic
• Examples are HIV, Influenza, Tobacco Mosaic virus

Question 7

Bacteria

Answer 7

• Cell wall, no nucleus; contains nucleoid and plasmids
• Unicellular
• Sometimes pathogenic
• Examples are pneumococcus and lactobacilus bulgaricus

Question 8

Protoctists

Answer 8

• Structure can be similar to animal cells (protozoa) or plant cells (algae)
• Can be unicellular or multicellular
• Sometimes pathogenic
• Chlorella (plant like) and Amoeba (more animal like) and Plasmodium (pathogenic because it causes malaria)

Question 9

Fungi

Answer 9

• Cell wall made of chitin, hyphae which are thread like structures which form a network called mycelium
• Can be either unicellular or multicellular
• Sometimes pathogenic
• Mucor or mushrooms
• Uses saprotrophic nutrition; they extracellularly secrete enzymes over dead matter which then absorbs nutrients

Question 10

What are the 5 kingdoms

Answer 10

• Animal
• Plants
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Protoctists

APBFP

Question 11

What are the eukaryotic organisms

Answer 11

Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protoctists

PAFP

Question 12

What are the prokaryotic organisms

Answer 12

Bacteria

Question 13

How are cabohydrates stored

Answer 13

• Animals: Glycogen
• Fungi: Glycogen
• Plants: Starch