The Nature And Variety Of Living Organisms

Question 1

What is the acronym for the criteria that are true of all living organisms?

Answer 1

MRS C GREN

Question 2

What does MRS C GREN stand for?

Answer 2

movement, respiration, sensitivity, control, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition

Question 3

Why do organisms need food?

Answer 3

To provide energy, to carry out life processes

Question 4

How to plants get nutrition?

Answer 4

Plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen and glucose in the process of photosynthesis

Question 5

How do animals get nutrition?

Answer 5

Animals consume other living organisms in order to obtain the energy they require
They break down larger complex molecules into simpler molecules through the process of digestion

Question 6

Name 3 autotroph organisms

Answer 6

Plants, some bacteria and algae

Question 7

Name 3 heterotroph organisms

Answer 7

Animals, most bacteria, fungi

Question 8

How to producers obtain food?

Answer 8

They create their own food using photosynthesis

Question 9

How to consumers obtain food?

Answer 9

They consume other organisms to obtain energy

Question 10

What’s the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Answer 10

Autotrophs make their own food whereas heterotrophs obtain it from a range of food sources

Question 11

What is respiration

Answer 11

Respiration is a chemical reaction carried out in all living organisms

Question 12

What happens during respiration?

Answer 12

Energy is released from glucose either in the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration)
The reactions ultimately result in the production of carbon dioxide and water as waste products
Energy is transferred in the form of ATP

Question 13

What is the equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 13

Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide +water

Question 14

What are metabolic reactions?

Answer 14

Chemical reactions that take place inside living cells

Question 15

What is excretion?

Answer 15

The removal of toxic materials and substances from organisms

Question 16

Give 3 examples of waste products excreted by animals?

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide, water, urea

Question 17

Give 3 examples of waste products excreted by plants

Answer 17

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water

Question 18

What do plants excrete at night?

Answer 18

Carbon dioxide, when the rate of respiration exceeds the rate of photosynthesis. Water vapour is excreted through transpiration.

Question 19

What’s the difference between excretion and egestion?

Answer 19

the waste products removed through excretion have originated from chemical reactions in the cells. However, the waste products produced in egestion are in the form of faeces and originate from the remains of the substances not absorbed during digestion.

Question 20

What does the sensitivity of an organism refer to?

Answer 20

An organisms ability to detect and respond to stimuli in its surrounding, so it has best chances of survival

Question 21

Which 2 systems allow animals to have sensitivity responses?

Answer 21

The nervous system (receptors, neurones and effectors) and the endocrine system (uses chemical messengers - hormones in blood)

Question 22

Why is sensitivity in plants slower than in animals?

Answer 22

Plant responses are controlled by chemicals

Question 23

Define geotropism

Answer 23

A plants responde to gravity which causes the roots to grow down into the soil

Question 24

Define phototropism

Answer 24

A plants responde to light which causes shoots to grow towards sunlight

Question 25

Define movement

Answer 25

An action by an organism causing a change of position or place

Question 26

Define locomotion

Answer 26

The movement of an organism from place to place

Question 27

What do plants use instead of locomotion?

Answer 27

Orientation (e.g. sunflowers)

Question 28

Define homeostasis

Answer 28

When living organisms control their internal environment to keep conditions within required limits

Question 29

Define thermoregulation

Answer 29

The control of body temperare (37 degrees centigrade for humans)

Question 30

What mechanisms does the body use to control body temperature?

Answer 30

Vasoconstriction shivering if cold, vasodilation sweating of hot

Question 31

Describe homeostasis in plants

Answer 31

Plants use transpiration: water evaporates from the stomata on the underside of the leaf, leading to heat loss.