The Nation Expands Unit Test Study Guide Flashcards
Describe the working conditions at the factories.
At the mills, the workers would work about 16 hours a day and would were paid very low wages. There was a large competition for jobs, and there were many people willing to work for an even lower price, since they were unemployed.
Describe the Lowell and Rhode Island system.
The Lowell system hired girls to work in factories, and they would stay in boarding houses for about four years. The women would be paid very low wages, and in the Rhode Island system, families would be hired and they would be divided up to do simple tasks.
Why did the value of the slaves drop before the invention of the cotton gin? 🔑
At the time, the prices the three main crops, rice, indigo, and tobacco began to drop and as a result, so did the value of slaves. When the cotton gin was invented, many farmers flocked to the opportunity to make cotton. The cotton needed to be harvested and turned, so slaves were purchased for these tasks.
Why did so many southern cities pass laws to limit the rights of freed slaves.
Slave codes were passed to prohibit slaves from leaving very far from their homes, and prevented education for them. Any person helping a black, was punished.
How did slave owners treat their slaves? 🔑
Slaves were considered as property in the south. They were rarely treated well, and if one did something wrong, they would often be punished in front of other slaves to show what they did wrong. Slaves were rarely physically punished because they would be unable to work. They were often discourage the slaves and do other things.
How would enslaved parents spread their culture down to their children?
Through African folktales which included a moral.
How did the second great awakening affect the African American society? 🔑
The second great awakening was a period of evangelism that spread across the United States. Charles Finney, who converted to Christianity in 1821, spoke to many African American slaves, and helped them convert to Christianity. As a result, many African Americans created episcopal churches and many faiths were renewed.
What did members of the common school movement believe?
All children should be taught in the same place regardless of their background.
What contribution did Harriet Tubman make to the anti-slavery movement? 🔑
Harriet Tubman was a former slave who escaped slavery to the north. Tubman was a “conductor” for the Underground Railroad and helped slaves escape to freedom, and she helped a total of almost 300 people.
What is the significance of the Seneca falls convention? 🔑
The seneca falls convention was the first public meeting about women’s rights in the U.S. Led by Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott, they led a convention to try and make men and women have equal rights. They created a document known as the declaration of sentiments, which included detailed beliefs about social injustice towards women. This was an important moment because women had very little rights and were able to make a stand for their rights.
What were the major points of the compromise of 1850. 🔑
The compromise of 1850 divided the rest of the Mexican cession into two territories. The main points were:
- California would join the union as a free state
- The rest of the Mexican cession would become federal territory and be divided into the Utah and New Mexico territory were slavery would be decided based on popular sovereignty
- Texas would give up land north of the rio grande
- The U.S. Would pay Texas debt from when it was a republic
- The slave trade would end in Washington DC, but slavery would continue
- A more effective fugitive slave law would be passed
What were the effects of the fugitive slave law? 🔑
The fugitive slave act made it a crime for anyone to help a runaway slave. This angered abolitionists and many northerners because they disliked the idea of a trial for a slave without a jury. They also disapproved of commissioners higher fees for returning a slave. If you were caught helping a slave, you were arrested for 6 months and had to pay a $1000 fine. Although most northerners were peaceful, the first fighting began to break out between the south and north.
What was the importance of the book Uncle Tom’s cabin? 🔑
Abolitionists often wrote books on anti slavery. Author Harriet Stowe moved to Ohio and met fugitive slaves and realized the horrors of slavery. She was inspired to write the book, Uncle Toms cabin, and explained what slavery was really like. The nation was very shaken up, and this made southerners furious. As a result of the book, many people became abolitionists.
What did the Kansas-Nebraska act do? What happened to Kansas as a result? 🔑
The Kansas Nebraska act was the was the decision to divide the rest of the Louisiana purchase into two territories, where slavery would be decided based on popular sovereignty. This act eliminated the Missouri compromise, and this angered many northerners. Anti and proslavery groups rushed to Kansas and Nebraska to try and get them to become pro or anti slavery states. As a result, lots of fighting broke out between the Southerners and Northerners.
Describe the Dred Scott decision.
Dred Scott was a slave and assistant to Dr. John Emerson and was taken to Wisconsin to help him work. His master died and was given his widow. Scott claimed he was a free man and sued for his freedom. The Missouri Supreme Court denied his ruling and claimed that since he was a slave, he had no right to a trial with jury. It also said the Missouri compromise was unconstitutional.
