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The Music Industry Flashcards

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1
Q

Small and medium sized industries- examples, ✅ and ❌

A 
Pub, small stage and small theatre 
✅
Intimate
Close to audience
Accessible for local bands 
Caters for the community 
❌
Poor sound quality
Limited audience 
Less promotion/ publicity
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2
Q

Large multi use venues- examples, ✅ and ❌

A 
Sports arenas, west end theatres and outdoor festivals (Glastonbury)
✅
Very good technical facilities 
Huge publicity and promotion 
Higher fee sold for tickets 
❌
You have to be very famous to perform here 
It is very costly to hire the venue
Less intimate interaction
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3
Q

What are the health and safety issues at a concert for the audience?

A 
Heating, lighting, ventilation 
Electrical equipment 
Toilets and drinking water 
First aid and emergency exits 
Obstacle eg stairs 
Parking arrangements 
How to get people in and out of venues
Secure scaffolding 
Noise and rubbish control
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4
Q

What do the employees have to do to reduce these risks?

A 
Equal opportunities for jobs
‘Asbestos’- work people aware of the risks 
Testing of the electrical equipment 
Hard hats for working ‘on site’ 
Ear defenders
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5
Q

Recording companies- the names of the major ones, ✅ and ❌

A

Universal music group, Sony music entertainment and Warner music group
✅
Money
Promotions and connections
Large size so better deal on manufacturing
Links the the media through advertising
❌
Difficult to be seen in a great pool of artists
Artist unfriendly deals
More focused on covers of songs to what you want to write

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6
Q

Recording companies for indie groups- name of recorders, ✅ and ❌

A 
Southern fried records, XL recordings and domino recordings 
✅
Cater to the artist more 
More artist- friendly contracts 
Close personal relationships 
❌
Lack of fundings
Less publicity 
Less organised because more informal 
Less contacts with the media 
Less money for tours and events
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7
Q

What is he definition of ‘music publishing’?

A

Where people help you to produce your music, that you have written yourself.

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8
Q

Major publishing companies- ✅ and ❌

A 
✅
Increases sales (distribution)
Quality of design 
Payment 
❌
Have to go through an agent 
Harder to get published because the company is bigger 
More editing to original work
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9
Q

Self publishing- ✅ and ❌

A 
✅
Don’t have to go through agent (cheaper) 
More in control
Can be a stepping stone to bigger events 
Cater better to different genres 
❌
Less marketing and promotions 
Less pay 
Not the same distribution of your work
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10
Q

What is the definition of ‘promoters’?

A

Something such as an activity that will promote the music/ artist

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11
Q

What are 5 things that promotors do?

A

1) secure a venue for a show
2) promote the show
3) work with the artist to make sure their vision is coming through
4) cover the venue and promotion costs
5) earn an agreed fee

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12
Q

What is the definition of marketing?

A

The action of promotion ing or selling a production

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13
Q

What is the definition of distribution?

A

The movement of goods (CDs) from the source (recording company) to the distributors (iTunes, HMV)

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14
Q

What are 5 things that marketers and distributors do?

A

1) advertise the product and introduce new music to fans
2) connect to fans through eg YouTube
3) grow their sales
4) target the appropriate audience
5) promote the artist though media eg radio etc

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15
Q

What is the definition of agency?

A

A business that provides a particular service on behalf of that person

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16
Q

What are ‘performing rights society’ (PRS)?

A

License the artists copyrights for public performance

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17
Q

What are ‘mechanical copyright protection society’ ( MCPS)?

A

License the artist’s music for sound recording

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18
Q

What are ‘phonographic performance limited’ (PPL licensing)?

A

Licensing the performer to perform the sound recording

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19
Q

What are 3 things the management do?

A

1) work in behalf of the artist to promote their career
2) runs their business affairs
3) secure the best work for their clients and get the best fee

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20
Q

What are 3 thing the ‘public relations’ (PR) do?

A

1) promote a new release or artist to the media
2) get reviews form the media
3) generate lots of publicity

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21
Q

What are 4 things that an agent does?

A

1) books the artist with gigs and tours
2) takes care of finical matters
3) contract promotors and venues to agree on concert dates
4) arrange contracts with he promoters with pay and equipment

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22
Q

What are 3 things that a stylist does?

A

1) help the artist to find a look that reflect their music genre
2) chooses hair, clothes and jewellery
3) helps the artist to create an image

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23
Q

What are 3 reasons that an artist would hire sound and lighting equipment?

A

1) technical expertise
2) quality of equipment
3) engineer to take care of sounds and lighting that will help the audience to focus on the music

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24
Q

What are 3 reasons an artist would hire a rehearsal space?

A

1) to record a single with the best sound quality
2) very good acoustics
3) to perform to a small audience

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25
Q

What are 3 reasons an artist would hire a transport company?

A

1) transport the equipment when on your
2) roadie to carry and install the equipment
3) hire a sleeping coach for when the artist goes on tour

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26
Q

Who do the musicians’ union represent?

A

1) musicians
2) music teachers
3) instrumental teachers

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27
Q

Who do he equity represent?

A

1) actors
2) dancers
3) stage managers
4) choreographers
5) directors
6) backstage crew

28
Q

What do the ‘broadcast entertainment cinematograph theatre union’ (BECTU)?

A

Media and entertainment trade union- representing broadcast and film

29
Q

What are 5 ways the union represent their artists?

A

1) negotiate the contracts on behalf of the musicians
2) tackle issues when the musicians see there are employment issues
3) give support financially
4) make sure the working conditions are acceptable
5) assist the artists through their net worth

30
Q

What does a trade body do?

A

They are organisations that are founded and funded by business’ that operate in a specific industry

31
Q

What are ‘music producers guild’ (MPG)?

A

Represents the interests of all involved in the production of recorded music

32
Q

What do the ‘association of professional recording services’ (APRS)?

A

Represents those in the audio industry

33
Q

What do the ‘professional lighting and sound organisation’ (PLASA)?

A

Represents those who do technological and services in events

34
Q

What are 3 examples of a musician?

A

1) orchestral player
2) conductor
3) backing vocalist

35
Q

What are 4 responsibilities of a musician?

A

1) train and perform regularly to keep their skills to a high standard
2) turn up to rehearsals and be prepared
3) look after instrument
4) learn new music for a show

36
Q

What are 5 responsibilities of a composer?

A

1) compose music for a TV programme
2) compose music for a famous singer
3) compose music for a special event
4) keep to a deadline
5) work with their performer to make sure the music fits their genre and voice/ instrument

37
Q

What are 6 responsibilities for a producer?

A

1) oversee and manage the recordings of an artist’s music
2) gather ideas for the project and select songs for their artist
3) coach their artist in the studio
4) hire musicians for their next gig/ just to make sure they are up to scratch
5) control what happens in the recording studio
6) supervise he whole process from writing the songs to helping the artist find someone to sing it/ help them to sing it

38
Q

what are 7 responsibilities of a conductor?

A

1) unify performers
2) set the tempo
3) shape the sound
4) guide the group of musicians
5) chose the music and know the score
6) relay their ideas to the musicians
7) schedule the rehearsals

39
Q

What are 5 responsibilities for live sound tech?

A

1) chose suitable microphones and equipment
2) rig up the microphones
3) do sound checks
4) operate the desk during performances
5) look after the equipment

40
Q

What are 4 responsibilities for a roadie?

A

1) carry equipment
2) set up before the event
3) look after equipment
4) pack equipment up after event

41
Q

What are 3 examples of what instrumental support do?

A

1) look after the instrument
2) fix the equipment
3) give advice for the best use of the instrument

42
Q

What are 6 examples of what an artistic manager does?

A

1) organise and confirm your dates
2) liaise with record companies
3) assist with studio planing
4) can function as a lifestyle coach for the artists
5) take care of quality standards
6) exploit marketing opportunities

43
Q

what are 5 responsibilities of a venue manager?

A

1) make sure all venues are opened and working when they are needed
2) check health and safety are up to date
3) give consistent level of service
4) book artists
5) assist with preparations of shows

44
Q

What are 5 responsibilities of a studio manager?

A

1) administrative control of the studio’s operation
2) schedule times and liaise with clients
3) engage engineers and session musicians
4) promotion and marketing of studio
5) endure all equipment is H&S and up to date

45
Q

What are 5 responsibilities of a promoter?

A

1) publicise a concert
2) in charge of ‘putting on the show’
3) work with the artists
4) work with venues to arrange a show
5) promote through advertisement and publicity

46
Q

What are the 5 responsibilities for a marketing manager?

A

1) designs and implement marketing
2) gather prices for promotions and advertising
3) devise promotional events
4) have an online campaign
5) create the artists image

47
Q

What are 5 thing that the ‘artists and repertoire’ (A&R) do ?

A

1) scouting for new talent
2) oversee the artists projects from beginning to end
3) development of artists nature
4) manage the recording process
5) help find songs that are appropriate for the artist

48
Q

What are 3 examples of the radio studio personal and 5 examples of their responsibilities?

A

1)
i) sound engineer
ii) producer
iii) instrument technician
2)
i) hire the engineers
ii) select and purchase the equipment
iii) establish the schedule
iv) oversee the mixing and mastering of the music
v) coordinate with the client schedules

49
Q

What are 5 responsibilities of a producer?

A

1) work closely with the sound engineers
2) work closely with the recording artist
3) enhance the recordings
4) schedule recording times with the artists
5) oversee overall quality of the music

50
Q

What are 5 responsibilities of the session musicians?

A

1) turn up on time
2) rehearse and keep instrument at high level
3) follow instructions given by the producer or composer
4) bring instrument and take care of it
5) contribute to the arrangement if needed

51
Q

What are 3 things that the mastering engineer does?

A

1) complete the ordering process
2) prepare the audio
3) refine the sound quality

52
Q

What are 3 things a CD manufacturer does?

A

1) mater CDs with high quality
2) transport to distributor
3) duplicate CDs

53
Q

What are 3 examples of a music journalist/ blogger?

A

1) write reviews about an artist’s music
2) attend shows, concerts and events
3) listen to CDs and online music and new talent

54
Q

What are 3 examples of a broadcaster?

A

1) interview artists
2) select music for shows
3) present shows

55
Q

What are 3 examples of a software programmer?

A

1) create apps to do with the industry
2) up- date the programme regularly
3) create computer programmes

56
Q

What are 3 examples of what retail does?

A

1) sell music to iTunes/ Spotify etc
2) sell to places that do physical copies of the music
3) sell online

57
Q

What are 3 examples of what distributors do?

A

1) how the albums get into the shops
2) sign deals with record labels
3) take a cut of the income

58
Q

What does full- time mean?

A

A standard full-time contract is 37-40 hours a week
The contract may include pension, holiday time and sick leave
This will usually be a long time arrangement

59
Q

What does part-time mean?

A

The same contract as full-time
Can vary from 1-4 days a week
Will usually be long-term

60
Q

What does freelance mean?

A

Self- employed and is not committed to one employer for long term
This means they don’t have a long term contract

61
Q

What does self- employed mean?

A

Working for yourself instead of working for another person or a business

62
Q

What does a permanent contract mean?

A

Offers job security because you will be working there for a long time

63
Q

What does a casual contract mean?

A

Does not give job security but mean there is a lot of flexibility in the job

64
Q

What is an example of a 10-point- plan to get a break in the music industry?

A

1) don’t give up
2) have a music coach to help you develop your technique
3) do free concerts in pubs or clubs to get yourself out there
4) send examples of your work music agents, publishers and record labels
5) use social media to promote yourself
6) create your own image
7) sign contracts with caution and read the small print
8) find an agent or manager
9) take care of yourself
10) network as much as possible

65
Q

If you were recording professionally, what are 10 of your responsibilities?

A

1) arrive on time
2) practice your part well
3) make sure your instrument is in good condition
4) bring any other equipment they you’ll need
5) be ready to work hard and go over a part again and again
6) work as a team with your producer to make it the best you can
7) listen to the recording and make sure it is the best quality
8) promote the recording on social media
9) go on tour to promote yourself
10) keep developing your musical style

66
Q

If you were on tour, what are ten responsibilities of different people?

A

1) ensure all he equipment needed is there
2) carry the instrument be transport from one venue to another (roadie)
3) install all the equipment on the stage (roadie)
4) check the quality of the sound (sound engineer) and the instruments are not damaged (instrument technician)
5) liaise with the venues to promote the tour (promoter)
6) rehearse on the stage and check the area is safe (agent and venue manager)
7) think of your image (stylist)
8) do interviews on the radio to promote to tour (agent)
9) check contract and fees (agent and musicians’ union)
10) book hotels and transport and venues ( agent and promoter)

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