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Physical Diagnosis 2 > The Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

The Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What are examples of articular structures?

A 
joint capsule, 
articular cartilage, 
synovium, 
synovial fluid, 
intra-articular ligaments, and
juxta-articular bone
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2
Q

What are examples of extra-articular structures?

A 
Periarticular ligaments
tendons
bursae
muscle
fascia
bone
nerve
overlying skin
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3
Q

What are the three types of Joint articulations?

A

Synovial, cartilaginous, and fibrous

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4
Q

Which type of joint is freely movable, covered by articular cartilage, separated by a synovial cavity and secretes fluid?

A

Synovial Joint

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5
Q

What are examples of synovial joints in the human body?

A

Shoulder, knee and hip

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6
Q

What type of joint is slightly movable, separated by discs, which contain nucleus pulposus that cushions bony movement?

A

Cartilaginous joint (with fibrocartilaginous discs)

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7
Q

What are examples of cartilaginous joints?

A

vertebral bodies of the spine

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8
Q

What type of joint has no appreciable movement, which are separated by fibrous tissue or cartilage?

A

fibrous joint

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9
Q

What is an example of a fibrous joint?

A

Teeth

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10
Q

What is an example of a spheroidal synovial joint?

A

Shoulder and hip (aka. ball and socket joint)

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11
Q

What are examples of a hinge synovial joint?

A

Interphalangeal joints of the hand and foot

Elbow

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12
Q

What are examples of a condylar synovial joint?

A 
Knee
TMJ (temporomandibular joint)
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13
Q

What is the #2 overall complaint in family medicine practice? #1 in all musculoskeletal complaints?

A

low back pain

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14
Q

What are key tips for assessing joint pain?

A
  • Ask the patient to POINT TO THE PAIN
  • Clarify and record the mechanism of injury (especially if caused by trauma).
  • Ask localized or diffuse
  • Ask Acute or chronic
  • Ask inflammatory or noninflammatory
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15
Q

What are red flags for low back pain?

A 
Patient > 50 years old
HIstory of cancer
Unexplained weight loss
Pain at night, increased with rest, lasting more than one month and not responding to treatment
IV drug use
Presence of infection
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16
Q

What are some screening questions for osteoporosis?

A
  • Have you ever had a fracture? Any family history of fractures (1st degree)
  • Age 50+?
  • Do you smoke or drink alcohol?
  • What is your weight? ( 2 mo)
  • Vitamin D deficiency? Low calcium intake?
17
Q

Palpation of crepitus would indicate what type of problem?

A

skeletal

18
Q

What are the steps to a musculoskeletal physical exam?

A

Inspect
Palpate
Range of Motion (active and passive)
Muscle Strength

Physical Diagnosis 2 (1 decks)

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