the muscular system Flashcards
myo-
is the word part for muscles
myocardium
over ____ muscles in the body
600
responsible for
ALL the motions of the body
walking, breathing, digestion
the muscular system makes up
most of the fleshy parts of the body which is 1/2 of body weight
supports and maintains
posture
attatch to bones to allow for
Movement
movement of food through the
digestive system (peristalsis)
produces
body heat
skeletal muscle
voluntary (controlled at will)
striated - microscopically have a striped appearances
muscles attach to the skeleton
smooth
involuntary
non-striated
found in stomach, intestines, blood vessels, uterus, and iris of the eye
cardiac
involuntary
striated
found in the heart
muscles turn chemical potential energy into
mechanical energy
they do this by
contracting (tightening) and relaxing (going back to original shape)
muscles are formed by
bundles and bundles of muscle fibers
muscle fibers-
muscle cells that are long and slender
sarcomere
basic contractile unit of a muscle cell
composed of two protein filaments called actin and myosin
can be thousands of
sarcomeres in one muscle cell
myosin will pull
actin fibers towards the middle, shortening the length of the muscle and contracting it
fascia
sheets of fibrous membrane that encloses muscles and seperates them into groups
ligaments
strong bands of fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilage
tendon
fibrous white bands that attach muscles to the bone, enabling movement of the part located some distance from the contracting muscles
flexor
decreases the angle of a join
extensor
increases the angle of a joint
abductor
moves bones away from the middle
adductor
moves bone toward the midline
sphincter
forms a circular ring that controls exit and entrance
