The muscle groups

Question 1

Deltoid

Answer 1

Function- Lifting the arm at the shoulder (the deltoid muscle has different parts which flex, extend and abduct the shoulder joint).
Sporting example- Lifting the arms to block in volleyball; upward arm swing when trampolining.

Question 2

Trapezius

Answer 2

Function- Shoulder horizontal extension (moving the arms backwards at shoulder level).
Sporting example- Preparation phase of an overarm throw or badminton smash.

Question 3

Pectorals

Answer 3

Function- Adduction of the shoulder (moving the arm towards the body);Shoulder horizontal flexion (moving the arms forwards in front of the body).
Sporting example- Upwards phase of a press up; rugby player making a tackle.

Question 4

Triceps

Answer 4

Function- Extension of the elbow (straightening the arm).
Sporting example- Shooting and chest passing in netball (execution phase).

Question 5

Abdominals

Answer 5

Function- Flexion of the spine (sitting upwards).
Sporting example- Performing a sit up or a forward roll.

Question 6

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 6

Function- Adduction of the shoulder (moving the arm down towards the mid-line of the body).
Sporting example- Hitting in hockey – left shoulder during preparation, right shoulder during execution and recovery.

Question 7

Gluteals

Answer 7

Function- Hip extension (moving the femur backwards).
Sporting example- Pulling legs back at the hip before kicking a ball.

Question 8

Quadriceps

Answer 8

Function- Extension of the knee (straightening the leg).
Sporting example- Kicking a ball (execution and recovery phase).

Question 9

Hamstrings

Answer 9

Function- Flexion of the knee (bending the leg).
Sporting example- Performing a hamstring curl on a weights machine; preparation phase of a rebound jump in basketball.

Question 10

Gastrocnemius

Answer 10

Function-Plantar flexion of the ankle (pointing the toes downwards).
Sporting example- Standing on tiptoe to mark a shot in netball or pointing the toes during a gymnastics or dance move.