The Multistore Model of Memory Flashcards
who created the msm
Atkinson and Shiffrin
what does it mean when the msm is referred to as linear
the information passes through the system in one direction
what are the three stores of msm
sensory register
short term memory
long term memory
define coding in terms of msm
the different information formats the brain uses to store memory
define capacity in terms of msm
how much information can be held by each store
define duration in terms of msm
the duration for which information is held in a store before its lost
outline sensory register
receives information from the senses
outline coding in tthe sensory register
the store dependant on the sense organ
iconic = vision
echoic = sound
haptic = touch
gustatory = taste
olfactory = smell
outline duration in the sensory register
very short
- 250 milliseconds
outline capacity in the sensory register
very large capacity
- contains information from all sense organs in the moment
how is information transferred into the STM
by paying attention to the information
outline coding in STM
acoustic
- form of sound
outline capacity in STM
7(+/-)
how can capacity be improved for STM
by chunking > making small sets of items
outline duration in STM
18-30s
- can be extended by verbal rehearsal
how is information transferred into the LTM
by rehearsal
outline the two types of rehearsal
maintenance rehearsal > repeating the information to keep it in the STM meaning it transfers to the LTM overtime
elaborative rehearsal > linking new information to existing knowledge in the LTM
outline coding in LTM
semantically
- in terms of meaning
outline LTM
stores information for up to a lifetime and can contain unlimited information
- information enters via rehearsal from the STM
outline capacity in LTM
no limit
outline duration in LTM
unlimited
describe how information passes through the msm
- information passes into sensory register from the senses
- when attention is paid, the information transfers into the STM
- when information is rehearsed its transferred into LTM
- to retrieve information it has to be transferred from LTM to STM
outline the research evidence for msm by Glanzer and Cunitz
- Ps asked to free recall word lists
- found that recall was stronger for words at the start and end of list
- first words transferred to LTM
- last words held in STM
(primacy / recency effects )
