The multi-store model of memory Flashcards
What is the multi store model?
A representation of how memory works in terms of three stores. It also describes how information is transferred from one store to another, how it is remembered, and how it is forgotten.
What is short-term memory (STM)?
The limited capacity memory store
How is short term memory enocded?
Mainly acoustic
What is the capacity of short term memory?
7 + or - 2 items
What is the duration of short term memory?
18-30 seconds
What is Long term memory (LTM)?
The permanent memory store
How is LTM encoded?
Mainly semantic
What is the capacity of LTM?
Unlimited capacity and can store memories for up to a lifetime
What is information processing?
The mind works like a computer in that it processes information in terms of input, storage, and retrieval
How is information encoded in the sensory register?
Through the 5 sense
Iconic- Visual, Echoic- Acoustic etc.
What is the capacity of the Sensory register?
Less than a second
What is the key process in seonsory register?
PAYING ATTENTION otherwise it is not remembered
What research supports the WMM?
Baddeley found that we tend to mix up words that sound similar when we are using out STM. But we mix up words that have similar meanings when we use out LTM.
What is encoding?
The format in which information is stored in the various memory stores
What is storage?
The process of holding information in memory
What is retrieval?
The process of transferring information from LTM to STM, recalling information
What is capacity?
The amount of information that can be held in a memory store
How do people with Amnesia support the MSM?
The distinction between STM and LTM has been supported. People with amnesia have difficulty with STM tasks but can recall LTM easily.
What is the Serial Position Effect? Why does it support the MSM?
When remembering a list, people will mostly remember the first few (primary effect) and last few (recency effect). This is because the first few have been rehearsed and the last few have not decayed yet.
How did Shallice and Warrington showed that STM doesn’t have to come between Sensory Memory and LTM?
Brain damaged patients who lost STM could still have past LTM. Maybe there aren’t separate memory systems and it’s all one
How is the LTM reductionist in MSM?
The idea that there is only one LTM memory store is challenged by how there are different types of memory; semantic (general information) procedural (how we do things) and episodic (past experiences)
How is the case study KF a weakness of MSM?
KF STM was restricted to verbal material. However, acoustically encoded sounds that weren’t words were also stored well. This shows that there isn’t just one store for all STM.
