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A-Level Psychology: 3.1.2 (Memory) > The Multi Store Model Of Memory - 12/12/23 > Flashcards

The Multi Store Model Of Memory - 12/12/23 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Multi Store Model of Memory?
[2]

A
  • A representation of how memory works in terms of three stores; sensory register, STM and LTM.
  • Describes how info is transferred from one store to another, how it’s remembered and how its forgotten.
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2
Q

What does Sensory Register mean (SR)?
[3]

A
  • The memory store for each of our 5 senses, such as vision (iconic store) and hearing (echoic store)
  • Coding in iconic sensory register is visual and in the echoic sensory register it’s acoustic.
  • Capacity of SR is huge and info lasts for very short time - less than half a second
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3
Q

What does Short Term Memory mean?

Revision

A

The limited capacity memory store. Coding is mainly acoustic and cacpaity is between 5 to 9 items. Duration is 18s-30s

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4
Q

What does Long Term Memory mean?

Revision

A

The permanent memory store. Coding is semantic and it has unlimited capacity. Duration is unlimited.

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5
Q

Which component of the Multi Store Model do all the stimuli of environment pass into?

A

Sensory register

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6
Q

What does iconic store mean?

A

Vision

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7
Q

What does echoic store mean?

A

Hearing

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8
Q

What is the coding in the iconic ensory register?

A

Visual

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9
Q

What is the coding in the echoic sensory register?

A

Acoustic

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10
Q

What is the capacity for Sensory Register?

A

High capacity

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11
Q

What is the duration of Sensory register?

A

Less than half a second

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12
Q

What is the coding for Sensory Register overall? [5]

A
  • Iconic
  • Echoic
  • Olfactory
  • Haptic
  • Gustatory
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13
Q

Who developed the Multi Store Model of Memory and when?

A

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)

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14
Q

What happens after half a second when info is stored?

A

It’s forgotten

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15
Q

The SR is _____ specific.

A

Modality

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16
Q

What does Modality specific mean?

A

Whichever sense is registered will match the way it is consequently held (for e.g. taste is held as taste)

17
Q

What is maintenance rehearsal?
[3]

A
  • When we repeat material to ourselves over and over again
  • We can keep information in STM if we rehearse it
  • If we rehearse long enough, it passes into LTM
18
Q

If attended to, where can sensory information move into for temporary storage?

A

STM

19
Q

How is temporary storage primarily encoded?

A

Acoustic (sound)

20
Q

How can you increase the capacity of the STM from 30 s?

A

Chunking (converting a string of items into a number of larger ‘chunks’)

21
Q

How can you consolidate information from STM to LTM?

A

Rehearse information via the rehearsal loop helps to retain info in STM, and then conslidate it to LTM

22
Q

LTM and STM is different

What is a Strength of the Multi Store Model of Memory theory? [3]

A
  • There’s a lot of research to support the fact that STM and LTM are different
  • For e.g. KF who was brain damaged, had impaired STM. But his LTM, after testing, was still intact
  • STM and LTM are different memory stores
23
Q

What is another Strength of Multi Store Model of Memory? [3]

makes sene LTM is coded semantically

A
  • It makes sense that LTM memories are coded semantically
  • For e.g. you might recall general example in a political speech, rather than all the words
  • MSM has face validity
24
Q

What is a Limitation of Multi Store Model of Memory? [3]

A
  • MSM incorrectly says STM is single, unitary store
  • Shalice and Waarington found that amnesia patient KF had poor STM recall for auditory stimuli, but good recall for visual stimuli
  • KF can differentiate between verbal and non-verbal sounds, shows different types of STM
25
Q

What is another Limitation for Multi Store Model of Memory? [3]

A
  • MSM says amount of maintenance rehearsal determines likelihood info will pass into LTM
  • Craik and Watson says it’s type of rehearsal that’s more important.
  • They suggest elaborative rehearsal is needed to transfer info from STM into LTM - by making links with existing knowledge

A-Level Psychology: 3.1.2 (Memory) (3 decks)

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