The Multi Store Model Of Memory - 12/12/23 Flashcards
What is the Multi Store Model of Memory?
[2]
- A representation of how memory works in terms of three stores; sensory register, STM and LTM.
- Describes how info is transferred from one store to another, how it’s remembered and how its forgotten.
What does Sensory Register mean (SR)?
[3]
- The memory store for each of our 5 senses, such as vision (iconic store) and hearing (echoic store)
- Coding in iconic sensory register is visual and in the echoic sensory register it’s acoustic.
- Capacity of SR is huge and info lasts for very short time - less than half a second
What does Short Term Memory mean?
Revision
The limited capacity memory store. Coding is mainly acoustic and cacpaity is between 5 to 9 items. Duration is 18s-30s
What does Long Term Memory mean?
Revision
The permanent memory store. Coding is semantic and it has unlimited capacity. Duration is unlimited.
Which component of the Multi Store Model do all the stimuli of environment pass into?
Sensory register
What does iconic store mean?
Vision
What does echoic store mean?
Hearing
What is the coding in the iconic ensory register?
Visual
What is the coding in the echoic sensory register?
Acoustic
What is the capacity for Sensory Register?
High capacity
What is the duration of Sensory register?
Less than half a second
What is the coding for Sensory Register overall? [5]
- Iconic
- Echoic
- Olfactory
- Haptic
- Gustatory
Who developed the Multi Store Model of Memory and when?
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
What happens after half a second when info is stored?
It’s forgotten
The SR is _____ specific.
Modality
What does Modality specific mean?
Whichever sense is registered will match the way it is consequently held (for e.g. taste is held as taste)
What is maintenance rehearsal?
[3]
- When we repeat material to ourselves over and over again
- We can keep information in STM if we rehearse it
- If we rehearse long enough, it passes into LTM
If attended to, where can sensory information move into for temporary storage?
STM
How is temporary storage primarily encoded?
Acoustic (sound)
How can you increase the capacity of the STM from 30 s?
Chunking (converting a string of items into a number of larger ‘chunks’)
How can you consolidate information from STM to LTM?
Rehearse information via the rehearsal loop helps to retain info in STM, and then conslidate it to LTM
LTM and STM is different
What is a Strength of the Multi Store Model of Memory theory? [3]
- There’s a lot of research to support the fact that STM and LTM are different
- For e.g. KF who was brain damaged, had impaired STM. But his LTM, after testing, was still intact
- STM and LTM are different memory stores
What is another Strength of Multi Store Model of Memory? [3]
makes sene LTM is coded semantically
- It makes sense that LTM memories are coded semantically
- For e.g. you might recall general example in a political speech, rather than all the words
- MSM has face validity
MSM incorrectly says STM is a single, unitary store
What is a Limitation of Multi Store Model of Memory? [3]
- MSM incorrectly says STM is single, unitary store
- Shalice and Waarington found that amnesia patient KF had poor STM recall for auditory stimuli, but good recall for visual stimuli
- KF can differentiate between verbal and non-verbal sounds, shows different types of STM
