The Molecules Of Cells Flashcards
Hydrocarbon
An organic compound composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen.
Organic compound
A chemical compound containing the element carbon and usually the element of hydrogen.
Carbon skeleton
The chain of carbon atoms that forms the structural backbone of an organic molecule.
Isomers
Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and, therefore, different properties.
Amino group
A chemical group consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
Carboyl group
Chemical group consisting of carbon of a carbon atom linked by double bond to an oxygen atom.
Carboxyl
Chemical group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.
Hydroxyl group
Chemical group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.
Hydrophilic
Water-loving pertaining to polar or charged molecules (or parts of molecules) that are soluble in water.
Functional group
Specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to carbon skeletons of organic molecules and involved in chemical reactions.
Phosphate group
A chemical group consisting of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms.
Methyl group
A chemical group consisting of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
What are the five functional groups?
- hydroxyl group
- carbonyl group
- carboxyl group
- amino group
- phosphate group
What is the sixth group that is not part of the functional group?
The methyl group.
Why is methyl not part of the functional group?
Methyl is nonpolar and not reactive, but it affects molecular shape and this function.
