The mineral and coal resources of South Africa. Unit 1. Flashcards
Name the main minerals that are mined in South Africa.
Gold; platinum; chrome; iron; diamonds; manganese; copper; uranium; nickel; asbestos
What is diamonds used in?
jewellery and cutting machines
What is manganese used in?
Batteries; cans; making other metals
What is copper used in?
Pipes; electrical wires; jewellery
What is iron used in?
Building construction; the car industry; making machines; making other materials
What is chrome used in?
making other materials; making the shiny parts of machines
What is platinum used in?
jewellery; car industry; electrical industry
What is gold used in?
Jewellery; dentistry
Define the term ‘non-renewable’.
Something that we can only use once. When it is finished, it cannot be replaced.
Define the term ‘ore’.
rock that contains large amounts of minerals
Define the term ‘Coal’
rock made from the remains of plants that died millions of years ago.
Define the term ‘fuel’
Something we burn to give us energy.
Define the term ‘industry’.
A vey organized way of making things, often in large factories
Discuss coal as a non-renewable resource.
it is a rock made from plants that died millions of years ago. It is a non-renewable resource. There is enough coal to last the world about 100 years. When it is finished, it cannot be replaced.
Discuss stage 1 of coal formation
Millions of years ago thick forests grew in swamps and the dead trees fell into the swamps.
Discuss stage 2 of coal formation
Rivers washed sand and soil into the swamps and buried the dead trees.
Discuss stage 3 of coal formation
More sand and rock piled up on the dead trees and squeezed all the water out. Slowly, as the trees, sand and soil were squashed into different rocks, the trees became coal.
We use coal as fuel to
create electricity;
Provide heating:
Make petrol and other oils.
Industry uses coal to make
Steel; Tar for roads; Concrete; Plastics Paper
In which products in our homes can you find coal?
Soap;
Shampoo;
Medicines and
Food
In what types of areas do people live?
Where they can find jobs;
Where there is enough water;
Where there is good farming land;
Mining provides good jobs so people live near mines despite the risk.
How many stages does coal formation have?
3
Discuss stage 1 of coal formation.
Millions of years ago thick forests grew in swamps and the dead trees fell into the swamps.
Discuss stage 2 of coal formation.
Rivers washed sand and soil into the swamps and buried the dead trees
Discuss stage 3 of coal formation.
More sand and rock piled up on the dead trees and squeezed all the water out. Slowly as the trees, sand and soil were squashed into different rocks the trees became coal.
Name 3 uses of coal as a fuel.
Make electricity
Provide heating
Make petrol and other oils
Name 5 things industry uses coal to make
Steel Tar for roads Concrete Plastics Paper
Name 4 household products that contain coal.
Soap
Shampoo
Medicines
Foods
Where do people choose to live?
People live in areas where:
a) they can find jobs
b) there is enough water
c) there is good farming land
d) Mining provides thousands of jobs so a lot of people live near mines despite the risks
Define the term ‘non-renewable’.
A non-renewable resource is something that we can only use once. When it is finished we cannot make more.
Define the term ‘ore’.
Ore is a type of rock that contains large amounts of minerals
Define the term ‘coal’.
Coal is a type of rock made from the remains of plants that died millions of years ago.
Define the term ‘fuel’.
Fuel is something we burn to give us energy
Define the term ‘industry’.
Industry is a very organised way of making things, often in large factories.
What do we call rocks that contain lots of minerals?
Ore
What is a mine?
A mine is a place where people dig rocks (ore) out of the ground to get the valuable minerals inside the rock.
Which mineral is mostly mined in Mpumalanga?
Coal.
What does Mpumalanga do with all the coal it mines?
We sell it to Eskom to make electricity for South Africa.
Which minerals are NOT mined in South Africa?
Rubies, cobalt and zinc
Which mineral is used to make cutting machines?
Diamonds.
