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Current Issues > the middle east vocab > Flashcards

the middle east vocab Flashcards

1
Q

a Palestinian sunni organization supporting and engaging in resistance to Israel; has been designated as a terrorist organization

A

hamas

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2
Q

Israel’s army or defensive force

A

IDF

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3
Q

a land locked region of palestinian territory bounded on the west north , and south by Israel and Jordan and the Dead sea to the east; it is the largest part of Palestine; has been controlled by the Israelis (which they captured as a result of the 1967 war)

A

West Bank

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4
Q

a mountanious plateau between Lebanon and Syria and Northern Israel; is under Israeli control (control in negotiation); depends on Israel for a bout 90% of its imports

A

golan heights

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5
Q

a rectangular coastal area on the mediterranean sea and adjoining israel and egypt; now under the control of the palestinian authority

A

Gaza strip

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6
Q

the palestinian liberation organization established in 1964 and dedicated to liberating all of palestine from jewish/ israeli control; often sponsored acts of violence

A

PLO

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7
Q

the islamic state of iraq and syria; was formed out of al qaeda in april 2013, it promotes a global jihad and the establishment of a caliphate. it is considered to be the most ruthless barbaric terrorist group in the middle east at this time

A

ISIS

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8
Q

the islamic state of iraq and the levant

A

ISIL

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9
Q

the muslic sect that beleiveds that the islamic relgious leader must be a person who is a direct descendant from the prophet mohammed

A

shia

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10
Q

the muslim sect that bleeives the islamic relgious should be the person who is most qualified for that position

A

sunni

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11
Q

an islamic state led by a supreme islamic religious and political leader known as a caliph; a sovereign state that is made up entierly of muslim faithful under sharia law

A

caliphate

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12
Q

a radical, violent terrorist organization that took shape largely under the leadership of osama bin laden; blames the problems of the middle east on the west and was responsible for 9/11

A

al QAEDA

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13
Q

the god the muslims worship

A

allah

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14
Q

a revolutionary wave of demonstration, protests, riots, and civil war in the Arab world that began in Dec 2010 and spread to many countries in the arab world. several heads of state were forced from power; others wrer threatened

A

arab spring

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15
Q

a shia islamic militant group and political party based in lebanon; its military wing is said to be more powerful than the lebanese army. it is backed by iran and syria

A

heazbollah

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16
Q

an ethnic group in the middle east and occupy a region which spans adjacent parts of Iran, Syria and Turkey. the largest faction of this group is in northern Iraq

A

kurds

17
Q

free syrian army

A

FRS

18
Q

established in 11993 as a result of the oslo accors; israel would agree to negotiate a withdrawal from the west bank and gaza if palestinians would give control to a democratically elected government

A

palestinian authority

19
Q

founded in 1945 and consists of independent arab states; to promote interests of the arabs, protect independence and sovereignity, encourage closer relations between arab states

A

arab league

20
Q

voluntary militias in arab states

A

fedayeen

21
Q

means “ a struggle” a reliigous duty of all muslims

to others it compels them to struggle against/ kill the infidels

A

jihad

22
Q

a term cointed after the 9/11 attack on the U.S; has a broader application today refers to a struggle across the western democracies to protect themselves against terrorist attacks

A

war on terror

23
Q

term referring to prejudicial attitudes, dislike, hatred for jews or people of jewish descent

A

anti semitic

24
Q

a form of government in which a country is ruled by religious leaders; there is no separation of church and state

A

theocracy

25
Q

organization of oil producing exporting countries created in 1960 to promote the economic interests (control the oil market and oil prices ) of its members

A

OPEC

26
Q

an islamic organization founded in Egypt in 1928 and soon recognized as one advocating the use of violence
allah is our objective, quran is our constitution, the prophet is our leader, death for the sake of Allah is our wish

A

muslim brotherhood

27
Q

a palestinian political party founded in the 1950s it is the largest faction of the palestinians but recently lost control of palestininan politics to an opposing party, hamas

A

fatah

28
Q

a palestinain who was the chairman of the palestinian liberation organization, president of the palestinian national authoirty and leader of the fatah political party

A

yasser arafat

29
Q

is presently serving as the president of state of palestine his term was supposed to have ended in 2009 but because of conflict there, he still holds his position, member of the fatah party

A

mahmoud abbas

30
Q

became the prime ministser of Iraq after Saddam Hussein was overthrown in 2003. he was elected president by the iraqi people in the first democratic election

A

Maliki

31
Q

the dictator of syria who is fighting to hold his power (a civil war there) he is backed by iran and russia and has been in power since 2000 when he took over from his fatehr

A

bashar al assad

32
Q

defacto ruler of libya for 42 years; he took over as a result of a coup e’ tat and was killed in 2011 at the age of 69

A

mummar qadafi (gaddafi)

33
Q

believed to be the Iraqi jihadist leader of ISIS

A

Abu Bakr al - Baghdadi

34
Q

leader of hezbollah

A

Hassan Nasrallah

35
Q

is presently serving as the prime minister of Israel,

A

benjamin netanyahu

36
Q

was the dictator of iraq from 1979-2003; his previous use of WMD’s and the consistent reports that he was even developing even more prompted the U.S. coalition forces to oust him in 2003

A

saddam hussein

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