The Middle Ages Flashcards
Feudal system
Was how society was organised on the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
A time around 500-1500ad in Europe just after the Romans
Demesne
The Lord took about one quarter of his land to himself this was called demesne.
Vassals
They were the kings followers (count or earl).
Knight
Were the kings loyal followers who protected The Lord and his land.
Serf
We’re a type a peasant who was tied to the lords land and could only get married with the lords permission .
Freeman
We’re also peasants but could leave the lords land any time but still had to pay taxes .
Manor
Was the lords house usualy protected bu knights.
Tithe
Was the tax that people paid to the church.
Commons
We’re the animals of the village lived together.
Open field system
Was how the peasants farmed the only owned one acre of land on which only they farmed this also included the commons.
Fallow
One time every three years the field were left to fallow this was a year were the field rested and got fertilised.
Crop rotation
Was the system that the peasants farmed this was fallow,oats and barly and wheat.
Pottage
Was a meal for the peasants it was porage and vegetable soup mixes.
Bailiff
Was the man who brought law and order and punishment to the village.
Sanctuary
When a person was running from the bailiff the could run into the church and they could not be arrested in the church.
Motte and bailey
First the king and his villagers built a man made hill called a motte and the built a fort on top were The Lord lived.then at the bottom of the hill was the bailey were the villagers lived.this was a castle.
Moat
It was a large ditch sometimes filled with water surrounded the castle to protect it.
Keep
It was a a large part of the castle were The Lord and lady lived.
Battlements
We’re at the top of the keep were soldiers stood guard of the castle.
Curtain walls
Were massive walls surrounding the castle.
Turrets
Were huge stone towers built in the curtain walls.
Drawbridge
Was a bridge that could be lowered and risen at the gate of the castle.
Portcullis
Was a massive iron grill that was the gate of the castle.
Ramparts
The ramparts ran along the walls on the inside wide enough for soldiers to walk across.
Latrines
Were the toilets of the castle they were usually in the corner of one of the towers in the keep.
Apprentice
At twelve the boy who wanted to be a craftsman became a apprentice.
Journeyman
After seven years of being a apprentice he became a journeyman and travelled around different countries.
Master craftsman
To become a master craftsmen the journeyman had to build a masterpiece and had to pay a large payment to the guild
Romanesque
Romanesque was a type of church that was a stone church that was dull and dark with little windows
Gothic
A gothic church was also made of stone and had large colourful windows and stone statues and flying buttresses which were slim columns that held the church up
Flying buttresses
Were thin columns made of stone that held the church up
Dormitory
Was were all the monks slept on the monastery(Middle Ages )
Refectory
Was were the monks ate all their meals
Cloister
Was were the monks walked and prayed
Scriptorium
Were the monks copied the manuscripts
Infirmary
Was were the monks kept and helped the sick
Chapter house
Was were monks met to discuss business
Novice
Was a monk in training first he became a novice as a boy and learned the rules and took the solemn vows
Toncure
Was the bald patch on a monks head that showed that he was a monk.
Matins
Was the morning prayer at 3am
Vespers
Was the evening prayer and most important prayer at 5pm
Compline
Was the night prayer at 8pm
Abbot
The leader of the monks
Prior
The second in command of the monks
Almoner
Looked after the poor when visited
Hosteller
Looked after travellers
Friar
Friers traveled from place to place teaching and helping the sick
