The Middle Ages Flashcards
List the The crusades
First 1096-99 take Jerusalem
Second 1148-49 failure Edessa lost
Third kings crusade 1189-1192 Muslims retake jerusalem Saladin
Fourth 1202-1204 lost Constantinople
Children’s 1212
Fifth and sixth 1218-1229 somewhat retrieve Jerusalem, Bethlehem and Nazareth
Seventh and eighth 1248-1270
The Middle Ages (1000-1500)
Crusades Scholasticism and mysticism New monastic orders Babylonian captivity Heretics and inquisitors Medieval life cycle
What are the benefits and negatives of the crusades?
Benefits Medicine and nursing Trade and mobility Missionary activity increased Negatives Religious tension Church growth through force Income tax
What were the responses to religious war?
Passivism - anabaptist
Holy war - Calvinist
Just war - Lutheran
In 16th century denominations made political stand against war
What is scholasticism?
An attempt to rationalize theology in order to buttress faith by reason
Religion would be defined by academics and philosophy rather than from a biblical point of view
What important changes did scholasticism brought?
Cathedral school established which allowed more scholarship
Systematic theology was split apart from biblical study
Theology went up - bible study went down
Commentaries replaced the study of the Word
Universities sprouted up all over
What is mysticism?
A response to scholasticism which urged direct contact with God in the act of worship instead of passively participating in the coldly formal acts of worship performed by the clergymen and scholar.
Intuition
Contemplation
What are the inner disciplines of mysticism?
Prayer Scripture reading Meditation Fasting Study
What are the outward disciplines of mysticism?
Simplicity
Solitude
Submission
Service
What are the corporate disciplines of mysticism?
Worship
Confession
Guidance
Celebration
Who founded the new monastic orders?
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux
Saint Francis of Assisi
What were the heretic movements?
Marcionites - 2nd century Montanists- 2nd century Novatians - 3rd century Donatists - 4th century Albigenses - 11th century Waldenses - 12th and 13th century
Who were the inquisitors?
Pope Gregory 9th (13th century) Dominicans and Franciscans Search and seizure No legal defense Torture prevalent Death and imprisonment
What is the medieval cycle?
Conception - original sin Baptism Confirmation Mass Penance Indulgences Treasury merit Holy matrimony Holy orders Last rites Purgatory Hell Heaven
The five solae
Solo Christo Sola scriptura Sola fide Sola gratia Sola dei Gloria
