THE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PROFESSION Flashcards
RA 5527
Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969
When was RA 5527 made into law
June 21, 1969
States that if you graduate from the BSMT program and wishes to
work in the clinical lab, you must pass the board exam
RA 5527 (Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969)
Defines the practices of MedTech professionals
RA 5527 (Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969)
A science that deals with the _____, ______, and _____ study of various body fluids in order to give clues or confirmatory findings to physicians, consultants or specialists of possible disorder or disease of the patients being managed.
Medical Technology
chemical, physical, and microscopic
“An allied health profession that is central to the operation of hospitals today.”
- __________
Medical Technology
- Ohio State University
One of the ______ list of best jobs (Les Krantz, Jobs Rated Almanac)
ranked _____ in the healthcare/medicine/ occupational category
top 20
3rd
use __________ to observe details of cells, ova, and cysts of parasitic organisms
What lab sections uses this
-Parasitology (tedious job as you need to count the no. of eggs; use microscope to view ova in the stool)
-Clinical Microscopy,
-Bacteriology
-Hematology,
-Blood Banking (use microscope to confirm if your cells are abuted),
-Histopathology
section that test whether the blood of the donor is compatible with the blood of the recipient
Immunohematology and Blood Banking sections
-1st thing to know: must have the same blood type
-difference of blood type= clumping of RBCs=death of recipient
utilize special stains to identify microorganisms and to analyze various cells.
Hematology, Micro Biology, Histopathology, Clinical Microscopy (stain the sperm cells)
-Color Blindness= misdiagnosis
-Stains= used to know a specific part of a cell
-WBCs= have granules and with the stain, it can easily find it
discover and identify organism causing
infection and disease
urine is cultured in the ______
Immunology & Serology, Microbiology, Bacteriology sections
-Microbiology
measure chemical substances in blood and
other body fluids
Clinical Chemistry (measure the analyte)
operate complex apparatus, instruments and
machines
2 major process in testing: _____ & ______
Manual & Automation
-must know Manual method of testing if a machine is broken
-works in a clinical laboratory
-involved in direct patient service
Laboratorian
-more on the Phlebotomy side/blood collection
-learns to establish vital linkage between technologies & medical science
Laboratorian
-works in school or in the academe
-concerned with faculty, curriculum, student-teaching, program development
-prepares new professionals in assuming various roles of MTs
Professional Educator
-works in health industry
-involves in marketing, sales of pharmaceutical & diagnostic products/instruments
-generates interest & need for new developments for better health care
-develop vaccines
Researcher
-employed in pharmaceutical companies, veterinary
-provides technical support through lab analysis
-promotes as well as provide consumer protection through quality analyses
Laboratory Analyst
What are the major areas of Medical Technology
-the bulks of tests are usually being received in these areas
-critical sections = they deal with blood samples
Clinical Chemistry
Hematology
Immunology and Serology
Microbiology
Immunohematology
What are the minor areas of Medical Technology?
Clinical Microscopy
Parasitology
Histopathology & Cytology
-usually test pap smear to check for cancer cells in the uterus/cervix; although pathologists use the microscope, MTs only process the samples
Histopathology & Cytology
STAT
Short Turn Around Time
Performed immediately and by itself
STAT (Short Turn Around Time)
Run control and standard
STAT (Short Turn Around Time)
20-50% more expensive
STAT (Short Turn Around Time)
TAT is shortened
STAT (Short Turn Around Time)
Request is need
STAT (Short Turn Around Time)
Done with the batch
Routine
Performed ASAP, given priority
Today
Based on “running time”
Today
Better term than “normal value”
Reference Values
Pulled value, usually ____ of population
Reference Values
95%
Vary in different hospitals but not that far
Reference Values
Not fixed for all
Reference Values
Should consider:
- Age
- Sex
- Pregnancy
- Diurnal variation
- Race
- Blood type
● Needs immediate attention
● “panic values” - does not meet the reference range
● Should call physician
● Patient is at risk
Critical Values
Basic Laboratory Equipment
- light microscope
- colorimeters and photometer
- water bath
- centrifuge
- balance
- cold incubators
- refrigerators
- pH meters
- mixers
- ovens
- de-ionizers
- safety cabinets
- glassware and plasticwares
state their full name & must not answer yes or no questions
ambulatory patients:
ask the parents, attending nurse, or look at the patient bracelet or patient chart
unconscious/newborns
no collection will happen if there is no ______
patient identification
Specimen Types
● Venous blood serum or plasma
● Arterial blood (puncture) - physician & respiratory therapists can only perform this
● Capillary blood
● Urine
● Feces
● CSF
● Sputum
● Tissue and cells
● Aspirates (pleural, ascites,
● joint fluid, intestinal
● (duodenal), pancreatic fluids
● Calculi (kidney stones) - physicians are only allowed to perform
collected in anticoagulant tube; the blood stays in the liquid form; _____ test tube
plasma
purple
present in plasma; stops blood flow; will be used in the clotting process hence it is absent in the serum
fibrinogen
allow to clot for ______ before centrifugation
serum
30 minutes
process them immediately or add preservatives or put in the lab ref
Urine specimens
examples of preservatives added to prevent bacterial growth or acid may be needed to stabilize metabolites
- Boric Acid
- Hydrochloric Acid
- Acetic Acid
- Thymol
- Toluene
Labeled as “dangerous specimen” yellow sticker. Similar label should be attached on the request form
- HBV positive
- HIV positive
- TB positive
What are the sampling errors
Blood sampling techniques
prolonged stasis during venipuncture
QNS
errors in timing
incorrect specimen container
inappropriate sampling site
incorrect sample storage
Blood collection process must not exceed
1 minute
