The Material World Flashcards
What is electrical conductivity?
Electrical conductivity of a solution is a measure of its ability to allow an electric current to flow through.
What is electric dissolution?
Electric dissolution is the separation of a dissolved compound into two ions of opposite charges. (Positive-negative)
What is an electrolyte?
An electrolyte is a substance that when dissolved in water, allows an electric current to flow through the solution.
What are the three types of electrolytes?
Acids, bases and salts.
What is the concept of an ion?
An atom that has become electrically charged by losing or gaining one or more electrons
Formation of an ionic bond?
An ionic bond is the result of a transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another atom ( metal to nonmetal)
What Is combustion?
Combustion is a form of oxidation that releases a large amount of energy.
What are examples of combustion?
Burning wood, rusting iron and cellular respiration.
Explain rapid combustion.
Rapid combustion is when in a short period of time it releases a great deal of energy mostly in the form of heat and light.
Explain the fire triangle.
- In oxidizing agent or oxidant is a substance that can cause a fuel to react.
- A fuel is a substance that releases a large amount of energy by reacting with an oxidizing agent wood and propane are excellent fuels
- The ignition temperature is the minimum temperature at which the energy present is sufficient to start combustion
What is in aqueous solution?
It is a solution in which the solvent is water
What is a salt?
salt is the substance produced by the chemical bonding of a metallic ion and a nonmetallic ion.
Describe the pH scale
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. It indicates how acid or basic a solution is.
What is the classification of the pH scale?
If the pH is less than seven the solution is acidic. If the pH equals seven the solution is neutral. If the pH is greater than seven the solution is basic.
What is an acid base neutralization reaction?
Acid-base neutralization is a chemical change involving the reaction of an acid with a base,producing a salt and water.
Example of an acid-base neutralization reaction
Na+(aq) + CI-(aq) + H2O(l)
Salt Water
Describe the law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of reactants is always equal to the total mass of products.
Describe the Rutherford bore atomic model
The Rutherford bore atomic model is a representation of the Adam as a very small nucleus made up of positively charged protons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons moving in defined orbits.
What is the electrical charge of a proton, neutron and electron?
Proton = positive charge
neutron = no charge
electron = negative charge
Different particles have different charges.
What happens with two objects with similar electrical charges?
They repel each other.
What happens with two objects with opposite electrical charges?
They will attract each other.
What is static electricity?
Static electricity is the transfer of electrons from one body to another.
What is the relationship between voltage current intensity and resistance in an electrical circuit?
The relationship between voltage and current intensity and resistance in an electrical circuit is called ohms law. All materials are made up from atoms, and all atoms consist of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Describe the difference between alternating and direct current.
The difference between direct current and alternating current is that direct-current goes in one direction negative to positive. And alternating current goes in any direction.
