Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproductive System > The Man > Flashcards

The Man Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the the Seminifous tubules come together? What do they join to here?
What happens at this location?

A

At the Rete Testis, join to the Epididymis, where Sperm Maturation occurs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Epidydimis continuous with?

A

Vas Deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The Seminiferous tubules are in compartments, separated by connective tissue.

What encloses the testis and the Seminiferous tubules

A

The Tunica Albuginea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What surrounds the Tunica Albuginea?

A

Tunica Vaginalis, a serous membrane (has a parietal and visceral layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Hydrocoele?

A

Fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity of the Tunica Vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the arterial supply of the testes

A

Via testicular artery which comes from the abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the venous drainge of the testes

A
  • Via the Pampiniform Plexus (Surrounds artery)
  • Divides into the Right and Left testicular veins
  • Right TV drains into IVC
  • Left TV drains into Left Renal Vein then into IVC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the Pampiniform Plexus of Veins do to blood coming to Testes?

A

Cools arriving blood (To temp slightly below body temp)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can an obstructed left renal vein lead to?

A

a Varicocoele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Differ between the lymphatic drainage of the Testes and Scrotum

A

Testes: Lymph drains to Para-aortic lymph nodes (abdominal aorta)

Scrotum: Lymph drains to Inguinal Lymph nodes (more superficial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The testis can twist on itself (testicular torsion/ torsion of spermatic cord)

Why is this an emergency?

A

Blood supply is restricted-> Ischaemia-> Loss of testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name and describe the deformity that increases risk of testicular torsion

A

Bell-Clapper deformity, Body of Epidydimis becomes more transverse than vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What COULD happen if one testis is lost? (Remember, testes have immune privilege)

A

Normally Immune System cant detect testes, but when 1 dies it releases large amounts of antigen which is detected.

The immune system then attacks the other, functioning testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the how the testes evaginate the abdominal wall

A

The testes are pulled through the abdominal wall muscles by the Gubernaculum, forming the wall of the spermatic cord surrounding the testis.

Fascia and neurovascular structures are included as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Outline the contents of the Spermatic cord

A
  • 3 fascial layers
  • 3 arteries
  • 3 veins
  • 3 nerves
  • Vas deferens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name the 3 fascial layers of the spermatic cord (Deep to Superficial)

What abdominal muscles/ fascia are they derived from?

A
  • External Spermatic Fascia, from External Oblique
  • Cremasteric Fascia, from Internal Oblique
  • Internal Spermatic Fascia, from Transversalis Fascia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Compare the composition of the 3 fascial layers of the spermatic cord

A

External + Internal Spermatic Fascia- Fibrous

Cremasteric fascia- Contains muscle fibres, making up the Cremaster muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the Cremaster muscle do?

A

Regulates the height that testes are sitting at in the scrotum

(E.g on hot day cremaster muscle is relaxed, on cold day cremaster muscle is contracted)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the 3 arteries of the Spermatic Cord

A
  • Testicular artery
  • Cremasteric artery (feeds Cremaster muscle)
  • Artery to the Vas Deferens
21
Q

Name the 3 veins of the Spermatic cord

A
  • Testicular vein
  • Cremaster vein
  • Vein of Vas Deferens
22
Q

Name the 3 nerves of the spermatic cord

A
  • Cremasteric nerve/ Genital branch of Genitofemoral Nerve
  • Sympathetics to Vas Deferens (initiate ejaculation)
  • Ilioinguinal nerve (not in Spermatic cord)
23
Q

Name the 5 Neurovascular structures within the Internal Spermatic Fascia

A
  • Testicular artery
  • Testicular Vein
  • Nerve to Vas
  • Artery to Vas
  • Vein to Vas
24
Q

Name the 3 Neurovascular structures within the Cremasteric Fascia

A
  • Cremasteric Artery
  • Cremasteric Vein
  • Cremasteric Nerve/ Genital branch of Genitofemoral
25
Q

There is no testicular nerve. Name the nerve outside the External Spermatic Fascia

A

Ilioinguinal

26
Q

Which fascial layer is the Vas Deferens within?

What 2 other non-neurovascular structures are within this fascial layer

A

Internal Spermatic Fascia

  • Lymphatics
  • Obliterated Processus Vaginalis (solid)
27
Q

Where does the Vas Deferens join the Ejaculatory Duct?

What is its position relative to the Ureter?

A

At the prostate

Ureter passes underneath Vas Deferens (Remember, water under the bridge)

(In female ureter passes under uterine artery)

28
Q

The Seminal Vesicles join the Vas Deferens to form what?

How does this enter urethra?

A

The ejaculatory ducts pass through Prostate to enter urethra (from the back)

29
Q

The prostate envelopes the urethra. What happens when prostate enlarges?

(with age or Benign Prostate Hyperplasia)

A

Urethra gets compressed, so more frequent urination

30
Q

What zone of prostate enlarges with age and compresses urethra?

A

Transitional zone

31
Q

Which zone of prostate tends to enlarge with Cancers?

Which structures enter the prostate here?

A

Peripheral zone (Posterior to TZ and urethra), where Ejaculatory Duct enters

32
Q

What volume of ejaculate comes from;

  • Seminal vesicles
  • Prostate
  • Testes
  • Bulbourehtral glands (Cowper’s glands)
A

SV: 65%

P: 25%

T: 10%

BU: 1%

33
Q

65% of ejaculate comes from Seminal Vesicles.

Describe the secretion and its function

A

Composition:
- Fuctose based alkaline fluid

Function:

  • Nutrition for sperm
  • Neutralises acidity of vagina
34
Q

25% of ejaculate comes from the Prostate.

Describe the secretion

A
  • Milky secretion
  • Contains proteolytic enzymes
  • Mildly acidic
35
Q

1% of ejaculate comes from the Bulbourethral glands

This secretion is the Pre-ejaculate
State its functions

A
  • Reduce friction

- Reduce the acidity of the Penile Urethra (In preparation for sperm)

36
Q

Name 3 Accessory Glands

A
  • Seminal Vesicles
  • Prostate
  • Bulbourethral glands
37
Q

Briefly outline how an erection comes about

A

Vasodilation of penile arterioles initiated by Parasympathetic stimulation (and sympathetic inhibition)

38
Q

Briefly outline how an erection is terminated

A

Vasoconstriction initiated by Sympathetic stimulation

39
Q

Erection initiation and Ejaculation are 2 separate processes. Are they sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

“Point and Shoot”

Point- Erection is Parasympathetic
Shoot- Ejaculation is Sympathetic

41
Q

What is the main Erectile tissue of penis?

What is it attached to and why?

A

Corpus Cavernosa, attached to bone to help anchor penis

42
Q

What is the Corpus Spongiosum?

When is it patent?

A

The expansive tissue through which the urethra travels.

It stays patent for sperm passage during ejaculation

43
Q

What is the white membrane surrounding the erectile tissue?

What does it do?

A

The Tunica Albuginea (not to be confused with that of the testes)

It provides shape of penis during erection (holding erectile tissue in right place)

44
Q

Describe the orientation of collagen fibres in the Tunica Albuginea of the penis

A

Arranged at right angles to each other;

  • One circumferential/ transverse
  • One parallel to penile long axis
45
Q

What is the blood supply of the penis

A

Internal Pudendal Artery (branch of internal iliac artery)

This artery branches into Dorsal Artery

46
Q

Describe the condition “Fractured penis” (presents with excruciating pain and swelling)

It is a surgical emergency

A
  • Rupture of Tunica Albuginea (due to excessive bending)

- Causes blood leak from Corpus Cavernosa-> Haematoma

48
Q

Spermatogenesis occurs in the Seminiferous Tubules of the testes.

What cells form the Seminiferous Tubules? What do they do?

A

Sertoli cells (Epithelium of tubules)- Spermatogenesis

Leydig cells (In tissue between tubules) - Produce testosterone

49
Q

Name the 2 different issue types of the Penis

A
  • Corpus Spongiosum

- Corpsu Cavernosum (paired tissue, are 2 of them)

Reproductive System (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions