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breeding practical > The mammary gland (Duct and secretory system) > Flashcards

The mammary gland (Duct and secretory system) Flashcards

1
Q

Duct and secretory system

A

Teat :
- Streak canal
- Sphinctormuscle
- Teat cistern

Gland cistern

Duct system

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2
Q

Streak canal (teat canal) positron

A

at base of teat which milk comes from

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3
Q

Streak canal (teat canal) length

A

5 - 13 mm

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4
Q

Streak canal (teat canal) diameter

A

0.4 - 1.6 mm diameter

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5
Q

Streak canal lined by ……..

A

Cells form folds to close the canal bet. Milkings

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6
Q

Streak canal Produce …

A

Lipid like sub. Is bacteriostatic so prevent bacterial penetration and mastitis

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7
Q

The canal is kept closed by …

A

an involuntary circular sphincter muscle found in distal part of the canal

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8
Q

Diameter of streak canal increase by …

A

aging

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9
Q

….. canals less resistant to mastitis

A

Wide

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10
Q

Teat sphinctor muscle

A

At the distal part of the streak canal ( last 2 mm) Involuntary circular muscle

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11
Q

acts as a barrier (physical to the entry of bacteria

A

Teat sphinctor muscle

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12
Q

Tightness of sphincter muscle is …. trait depend on …

A

inherited

sire selection

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13
Q

Slow milkers has …. muscles , so …

A

Strong muscle so less milk and less susceptible to mastitis

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14
Q

Fast milkers has …. muscles , so …

A

Weak or patent or poor muscle easy milked and give more milk but susceptible to mastitis and leakage

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15
Q

Teat sphinctor muscle function

A

Constrict the opening (teat orifice) so keep the milk in the udder between milking

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16
Q

Frustenburgs Rosette …… mucosal folds

A

6-10

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17
Q

Frustenburgs Rosette Located in

A

internal part of streak canal , proximal part

18
Q

Frustenburgs Rosette radiate in … directions

A

All directions to teat cistern

19
Q

Frustenburgs Rosette Function

A
  1. Barrier against pathogens
  2. Major point for entry of leukocytes into gland
  3. Contain bacteriocidal protein
20
Q

Teat cistern located ….

A

just above the streak canal

21
Q

The cavity of teat

A

Teat cistern

22
Q

Teat cistern hold …… of milk

A

10 - 50 ml

23
Q

Into which milk drains from the gland, and from which milk is removed during the milking process

A

Teat cistern

24
Q

Teat cistern contain in upper part …..

A

Accessory mammary tissue irritation overmilking of (AMT) cause infection to spread to all udder so rapid removal of teat cups

25
Q

Teat cistern wall

A

Rich in blood vessels so when using MM the high vacuum blood congestion irritation of the lining so pulsation cycle is required

26
Q

Cricoid ring

A

Annular folds

Bet gland and cistern
Marks the boundary bet gland and teat cistern

27
Q

Gland cistern Located …

A

Just above the teat cistern and partially separated from it by a circular fold

28
Q

A cavity act as a reservoir of milk

A

Gland cistern

29
Q

Gland cistern hold

A

400 - 500 ml milk

30
Q

A number of large ducts branch off from the gland cistern

A

Duct system

31
Q

Function of duct system

A
  1. To collect the milk from the secretory tissue
  2. Store part of the milk between milkings
  3. Transport it to the gland cistern
32
Q

Duct system branch and re branch into smaller and
smaller ducts and finally into the ….

A

Terminal ductules that drain each alveolus

33
Q

Milk route

A

Gland cistern → 12 - 50 large collecting duct → commom duct → terminal ductule → lobule

34
Q

Alveoli

A

Microscopic structure lined with a single layer of epithelial cells

Single layer of epiyhelial cell + blood capillary (network) + mypepithelial cell + fibroblast

35
Q

Alveoli function

A

Take nutrients from blood to the alveolar lumen.

36
Q

Functional unit of milk production

A

Alveoli

37
Q

Drain into terminal ductules

A

Alveoli

38
Q

Alveoli capacity

A

1 mm3

39
Q

Lobule

A

10 - 250 Alveoli

40
Q

Lobe

A

group of lobules

41
Q

Milk letdown

A

Stimuli → Afferent sensory nerve → CNS → Oxytocin → myoepithelial cell contract → lumen of alveoli → terminal ductule → common duct → large collecting duct gland cistern → teat cistern → streak canal

breeding practical (7 decks)

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